| 释义 |
dejection|dɪˈdʒɛkʃən|
Also 5 deieccion.
[a. OF. dejection (14th c. in Godef.), ad. L. dējectiōn-em, n. of action from dējicĕre (dēicĕre) to cast down: see deject ppl. a.]
1. lit. The action of casting down; the fact of being cast down.
1681H. Hallywell Melampr. 13 (T.) Their [the angels'] dejection and detrusion into the caliginous regions. 1851Ruskin Stones Ven. I. xiv. §10 A hole between each bracket for the convenient dejection of hot sand and lead.
†b. The throwing down or precipitation of a sediment. Obs.
1594Plat Jewell-ho. ii. 40 A means how to make deiection of the Lee or fæces of y⊇ best sallet oyle.
†2. fig. A casting down, deposing or lowering (in fortunes, condition, quality, etc.); humiliation, abasement. Obs.
c1450tr. De Imitatione iii. xxii, Se þerfore, lorde, my deieccion and my frailte. 1545Joye Exp. Dan. iv. (R.), This deiection and humiliacion might not the kynge knowe. 1601B. Jonson Poetaster Prol., Such full-blown vanity he more doth loth Than base dejection. 1641Prynne Antip. 35 The Pope writ Letters to all Nobles..to assist Philip for the dejection of Iohn. 1659Pearson Creed i. (1845) 38 Adoration implies submission and dejection; so that, while we worship, we cast down ourselves.
†b. Astrol. (See quot. 1727.) Obs.
1430Lydg. Chron. Troy iv. xxxiv, But in the Bull is thy kingdom lorne, For therein is thy deiection. 1727–51Chambers Cycl., Dejection, in astrology, is applied to the planets, when in their detriment, i.e. when they have lost their force, or influence..by reason of their being in opposition to some others..Or, it is used when a planet is in a sign opposite to that wherein it has its greatest effect, or influence, which is called its exaltation. Thus, the sign Aries being the exaltation of the sun..Libra is its dejection.
3. Depression of spirits; downcast or dejected condition.
c1450tr. De Imitatione ii. xi, If ihesu hide him ande a litel forsake hem, þei falle into a compleynyng or into ouer gret deieccion. a1631Donne in Select. (1840) 120 To sink into a sordid melancholy, or irreligious dejection of spirit. 1667Milton P.L. xi. 301 What besides Of sorrow and dejection and despair Our frailtie can sustain. 1791Boswell Johnson an. 1755 (1831) I. 283 That miserable dejection of spirits to which he was constitutionally subject. 1865Parkman Huguenots vi. (1875) 72 A deep dejection fell upon them.
†4. Lowering of force or strength; diminution or weakening (of the bodily strength or appetite).
1652French Yorksh. Spa viii. 78 A manifest dejection of the appetite. 1659Hammond On Ps. cvi. 15 Annot. 537 A suddain and almost incredible dejection of strength. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet 294 Dejection of Appetite. 1883Syd. Soc. Lex., Dejection..applied also to depression, exhaustion, or prostration.
5. Med. Evacuation of the bowels, fæcal discharge.
1605Timme Quersit. i. xvi. 82 Purgations which work..by deiections, by vomit, by sweates, and by urines. 1691Ray Creation (J.), Where there is good use for it [the choler]..to provoke dejection. 1805Med. Jrnl. XIV. 430 She..had frequent vomitings and dejections.
6. concr. That which is dejected:
a. Fæcal discharge, excrement.
1727–51Chambers Cycl. s.v., Dejection is also, and that more ordinarily, applied to the excrements themselves, thus evacuated. 1849Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. X. ii. 522 Fæcal dejections. 1861Hulme tr. Moquin-Tandon ii. vii. 409 Dr. Hassall also found the Vibrios in the dejections of cholera.
b. Geol. Matter thrown out from a volcano.
1839Murchison Silur. Syst. i. xxiii. 291 A greenish grey sandstone, evidently formed of volcanic submarine dejections. 1849― Siluria iv. 77 By the action of submarine volcanoes, such igneous dejections are supposed to have accumulated. |