| 释义 |
▪ I. stook, n.1|stʊk|
Forms: 5–6 stowk, stouke, 5–7 stowke, 5–6, 8–9 dial. stouk, 6 stuk, 9 dial. stuck, 6– stook.
[ME. stouk, a. or cogn. w. MLG. stûke (WFlem. stuik) = HG. dial. stauche fem.; formally coincident (though etymological identity is doubtful on account of the difference of meaning) with a widespread Teut. word meaning sleeve: MLG. stûke, OHG. stûhha (MHG. stûche, mod.G. stauche), (O)Icel. stúka (? from Ger.).
The form stook is orig. n. dial.: cf. hoose |huːs| = house. It has, however, become current in other dialects, though the regular forms stowk and stuck are also used.]
1. = shock n.1 1.
14..Nom. in Wr.-Wülcker 725/31 Hec congelima, a scowk [read stowk]. c1460Towneley Plays xxx. 315 His hede is like a stowke hurlyd as hoggys. 1494in W. Ross Busby & Neighb. i. (1883) 22 Ilk person haffand ane pleugh—sall pay ane thraif of aits..and ilk half-pleugh a stouk. 1530Tindale Exod. xxii. 6 Yf fyre breake out and catch in the thornes, so that the stoukes of corne..be consumed therwith. 1586Durham Wills (Surtees) II. 132 Otes, reaped anno 1586, ccxl threves, at v stookes a boll. 28 l. 16 s. 1620Markham Farew. Husb. xiii. 103 [They] lay them in stoucks of twenty or of foure and twenty sheaues a piece. c1730Ramsay Fable xix. 68 They'll start at winlestraes, yet never crook, When Interest bids, to lowp out o'er a stowk. 1785Burns To J. M'Math i, While at the stook the shearers cow'r To shun the bitter blaudin' show'r. 1812Sir J. Sinclair Syst. Husb. Scot i. 333 Carts in this way will easily carry at once from ten to twenty stooks. 1827Hood Ruth iv, Thus she stood amid the stooks, Praising God with sweetest looks. 1865W. White Eastern Eng. II. 64 The great undulating upland stretches away to the southwards field after field; here waving grain, there rows of ‘stooks’. 1894Times 23 July 13/1 The prospect which a fortnight ago seemed certain of seeing wheat in stook by the end of the month is rapidly vanishing. 1898J. A. Gibbs Cotswold Village 36 The vicar's man went into the cornfields and placed a bough in every tenth ‘stook’. 1916Times 4 Aug. 3 The cutting of winter oats is now common in the home counties, and the crops are bulking well in stook.
attrib.1743R. Maxwell Sel. Trans. Soc. Improv. Agric. Scot. 328 The Lint is tied and set up Stook-ways. 1876Whitby Gloss., Stookbands, twisted straw ropes for sheaf-binding.
¶b. Used for: A pile, mass.
1865E. Burritt Walk to Land's End 327 No furzy hill in the two counties wearing a stook of rocks on its head for hair-pins, could be better fitted [etc.]. 1892Henley Song of Sword, Lond. Voluntaries i. 41 [The trees] stand Beggared and common, plain to all the land For stooks of leaves.
c. stook of duds: see quot. 1901.
1831Carlyle Sart. Res. iii. x, In Scotland, again, I find them entitled Hallanshakers, or the Stook-of-Duds Sect; any individual communicant is named Stook-of-Duds (that is, Shock of Rags), in allusion, doubtless, to their professional Costume. 1901Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. Stook sb.1 2. Stook-of-duds, a person so wrapped up as to suggest a shock of corn.
2. A bundle of straw. dial.
1571in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1576, 709/1, 3 den. for thre stoukis (sarcinis) of custome stray. 1876Whitby Gloss. s.v., ‘A stook of straw’, a bound bundle for thatching with. 1901J. Barlow Ghost-bereft 86 The furze 'ill be thick as a stook of good thatch ivery day of the year.
†3. A cock (of hay). Obs. rare.
1600Surflet Country Farm iv. vi. 638 You must make it [your hay] into a high cocke with a narrow top..; and although there come no raine, yet it will be good to make these great stoukes [orig. F. meulons].
4. Coal-mining. [Perh. a different word: cf. stoop n.1]
a. The portion of a pillar of coal left to support the roof.
1826–30T. Wilson Pitman's Play (1843) 59 They jenkin a' the pillars doon, And efter tyek the stooks away. 1840Civil Engin. & Arch. Jrnl. III. 68/2 In the Newcastle pits..blocks or ‘stooks’ of considerable strength are suffered to remain, for the purpose of protecting the colliers from the exfoliation of the roof. 1883Gresley Gloss. Coal-mining 242 Stook [Northumb. & Durham], a pillar of coal about four yards square, being the last portion of a full-sized pillar to be worked away in board and pillar workings. 1891Kipling City Dreadf. Nt. 82 The chipped-away legs of the pillars [of coal] are called ‘stooks’.
b. stook and coil, stook and feathers: see quots.
1808Bald Gen. View Coal Trade Scot. 12 (Jam.) The mode then practised in sinking through hard strata, was by a set of tools termed stook and coil, or stook and feathers... Two long slips of iron, named the feathers, were placed down each side of the hole, and betwixt these a long tapering wedge, termed the stook was..driven down. 1883Gresley Gloss. Coal-mining 242 Stook and feather, a wedge for breaking down coal, worked by hydraulic power, the pressure being applied at the extreme inner end of the drilled hole. 1886J. Barrowman Sc. Mining Terms 64 Stook and Coil, or Stook and Feathers, a mode of wedging rocks.
▪ II. † stook, n.2 Obs. slang.|stʊk|
Also stoock.
[Possibly ad. G. stück piece.]
A pocket-handkerchief. Also Comb., as stook-buzzer, -hauler, one who steals pocket-handkerchiefs.
1859Hotten Dict. Slang 103 Stook, a pocket-handkerchief. Stook hauler, or buzzer, a thief who takes pocket-handkerchiefs. 1862H. Mayhew London Labour Extra vol. 25 Stook-buzzers, those who steal handkerchiefs. 1889E. Sampson Tales of Fancy 18 A dirty face, and a still more dirty ‘stook’. 1893P. H. Emerson Signor Lippo xiv. 48 All I get is my kip and a clean mill tog, a pair of pollies and a stoock.
▪ III. stook, v.|stʊk|
[f. stook n.1: cf. MLG. stûken, WFlem. stuiken, G. stauchen.]
trans. To set up (sheaves) in stooks. Also with up.
c1575Sir J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 220 The fruitis of the samin benefice beand separate fra the ground, be scheiring, stouking or stakking thairof. 1592Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) III. 583/2 Quhen as the cornis ar standand vpon the grounde stoukit. 1611Cotgr., Endizeler les gerbes, to stonke [read stouke], or shocke vp sheaues of corne; to set, or make them vp in (tenne-sheaued) half-thraues. 1652Lamont Diary (Maitl. Club) 43 About Dundie in Angus ther was beare stowked. 1765Museum Rust. IV. 457 If the flax be so short and branchy as to appear most valuable for seed, it ought, after pulling, to be stooked. 1794A. Pringle Agric. Westmorland 31 Four men may cut, tie, and stook, a customary acre in a day. 1823A. Small Rom. Antiq. Fife 135 Corn,..taken out of a place where it has not much air to dry it, and stooked up thick on the ground. 1851H. Stephens Book of Farm (ed. 2) II. 336/1 The corn is stooked upon the ridge where it grew. 1887Hall Caine Deemster viii, They were stooking the barley in the glebe.
b. absol.
1641Best Farm. Books (Surtees) 54 Oftentimes a painfull fellowe will not refuse to stooke after 7 or 8 Sythes, if the binders will but..throwe him in the sheaves. 1799J. Robertson Agric. Perth 159 Seven reapers generally have a man to bind and stook after them. 1868G. Macdonald R. Falconer I. 262 Lasses to cut, and lasses to gether, and lasses to bin', and lasses to stook.
Hence stooked ppl. a., ˈstooking vbl. n.
1575Stouking [see the vb.]. 1787Burns Answ. Gudwife Wauchope-House i, Still shearing, and clearing The tither stooked raw. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm III. 1066 In stooking, bean-sheaves are set up in pairs against one another. 1884Pall Mall Gaz. 21 June 6/1 The cutting, the ‘stooking’, and the gathering into the stackyard of their corn. 1884St. James's Gaz. 22 Aug. 14/2 Fields of shocked or stooked corn. 1900Crockett Fitting of Peats iv. Love Idylls (1901) 27 After the manner of stooked sheaves in a harvest-field.
▪ IV. stook
dial. variant of stouk n. handle. |