| 释义 |
▪ I. descry, v.1|dɪˈskraɪ|
Forms: 4 discryghe, 4–6 discrye, 5 dyscry(e, 6 descrye, 6–7 descrie, discrie, 4– descry.
[app. a. OF. descrier to cry, publish, decry, f. des-, dé-, L. dis- + crier to cry.
The sense-development is not altogether clear; it was perhaps in some respect influenced by the reduction of descrive to descry (see next), and consequent confusion of the two words: cf. descrive v. 4, also describe v. 7. In several instances it is difficult to say to which of the verbs the word belongs: thus
c1300K. Alis. 138 For astronomye and nygremauncye No couthe ther non so muche discryghe.]
I. To cry out, declare, make known, bewray.
†1. trans. To cry out, proclaim, announce, as a herald. Obs. rare.[Cf. quot. 1377 in descrive v. 4.] a1440Sir Eglam. 1178 Harowdes of armes than they wente, For to dyscrye thys turnayment In eche londys ȝende.
†2. To announce, declare; to make known, disclose, reveal:
a. of persons.
b. of things. Obs.
a.c1460Towneley Myst. (Surtees) 203 My name to you wille I descry. 1549–62Sternhold & H. Ps. xxv. 3 Thy right waies unto me, Lord, descrye. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. i. ii. i. i, At length Jupiter descried himself, and Hercules yielded. 1655–60Stanley Hist. Philos. (1701) 290/2 Diogenes, thou..Who to content the ready way To following Ages didst descry.
b.c1430Freemasonry 323 Hyt [the seventhe poynt] dyscryeth wel opunly, Thou schal not by thy maystres wyf ly. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. x. 34 Whose sober lookes her wisedome well descride. a1592H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 200 This light..doth not only descry itself, but all other things round about it. 1635Cowley Davideis iv. 231 A thoughtful Eye That more of Care than Passion did descry. 1639Drummond of Hawthornden Fam. Epistles Wks. (1711) 140 His cheeks scarce with a small down descrying his sex.
†c. With a sense of injurious revelation: To disclose what is to be kept secret; to betray, bewray; to lead to the discovery of. Obs.
c1340Cursor M. 7136 (Trin.) Þat was a greet folye hir lordes [i.e. Samson's] counsel to discrye. c1475Sqr. lowe Degre 110 Thy counsayl shall i never dyscry. 1596Nashe Saffron Walden 131 That he be not descride by his alleadging of Authors. 1606Holland Sueton. 90 Hee had like to have descried them [his parents] with his wrawling. 1614Bp. Hall Recoll. Treat. 509 In notorious burglaries, oft-times there is..a weapon left behinde, which descrieth the authors. 1670Milton Hist. Eng. 11, His purple robe he [Alectus] had thrown aside lest it should descry him.
II. To cry out against, cry down, decry.
†3. To shout a war-cry upon, challenge to fight; = ascry v. 1 b.
c1400Rowland & O. 273 No kyng in Cristyante Dare..discrye hym ther with steven. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. cxcvii. 175 The gentil knyghtes fledden and the vileyns egrely hem discryed and grad an high ‘yelde yow traytours!’
†4. To denounce, disparage; = decry v. 2. Obs.
c1400York Manual (Surtees) p. xvi, We curse and descry..all thos that thys illys hase done. 1677Gilpin Dæmonol. (1867) 407 They contemn and descry those, as ignorant of divine mysteries.
†5. To cry down, depreciate (coin); = decry.
1638Sir R. Cotton Abstr. Rec. Tower 23 The descrying of the Coyne.
III. To get sight of, discover, examine.
6. To catch sight of, esp. from a distance, as the scout or watchman who is ready to announce the enemy's approach; to espy.
c1340Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 81 Þe comlokest [lady] to discrye. c1430Sir Tryam. 1053, Xii fosters dyscryed hym then, That were kepars of that fee. 1569T. Stocker tr. Diod. Sic. iii. viii. 114 He might descry a mightie and terrible Nauie..sayling towards the citie. 1605Play Stucley in Simpson Sch. Shaks. (1878) 190 The English sentinels do keep good watch; If they descry us all our labour's lost. 1791Cowper Iliad iii. 38 In some woodland height descrying A serpent huge. 1868Queen Victoria Life Highl. 39 To meet Albert, whom I descried coming towards us. 1877Black Green Past. xxxiii. (1878) 267 At intervals we descried a maple.
7. To discover by observation; to find out, detect; to perceive, observe, see.
c1430Syr. Tryam. 783 Hors and man felle downe..And sone he was dyscryed. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 491 b, There is no man..that will not easily descry..want of Judgement..in you. 1659Hammond On Ps. xxxiv. Paraphr. 181 Being by them descryed to be David. 1667Milton P.L. i. 290 To descry new Lands, Rivers or Mountains in her spotty Globe. 1797Southey Ballad K. Charlemain 1 All but the Monarch could plainly descry From whence came her white and her red. 1812J. Wilson Isle of Palms ii. 582 He can descry That she is not afraid. 1862Ld. Brougham Brit. Const. xvi. 249 The bounds which separated that school from Romanism were very difficult to descry.
absol.1670Narborough Jrnl. in Acc. Sev. Late Voy. (1711) 33, I could not see any sign of People..but still Hills and Vallies as far as we could descry.
†b. intr. To discern, discriminate. Obs. rare.
1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. viii. viii. 108 Pure Essence, who hast made a stone descrie 'Twixt natures hid.
†8. trans. To investigate, spy out, explore. Obs.
1596Drayton Legends iii. 175 He had iudicially descryde The cause. 1611Bible Judg. i. 23 The house of Ioseph sent to descry Bethel. 1742Shenstone Schoolmistress 145 Right well she knew each temper to descry.
▪ II. † deˈscry, v.2 Obs.
[app. a variant of descryve, descrive v., partly perh. originating in the later form of the Fr. infinitive descri-re, and pres. t. descri, -cris, -crit; but mainly due to confusion in Eng. of descrive and descry (descry v.1).]
= descrive, describe.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 9747 Some of his þewes y wil descrye. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 41 In the thyrd parte ar discryed Cuthbert mirakyls. 1572J. Bossewell Armorie ii. 63 b, This Serpente I haue descried, as wringled into a wreathe. 1613Wither Sat., Occasion, He..descries Elenchi, full of subtile falacies.
absol.c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 6546 Cuthbert þai chese as bede descryse. 1571Damon & Pithias Prol. in Hazl. Dodsley IV. 12 A thing once done indeed, as histories do descry.
▪ III. † deˈscry, discry, n. Obs.
[f. descry v.]
1. Cry, war-cry; = ascry n.
c1400Rowland & O. 1476 ‘Mount Joye’ was thaire discrye.
2. Discovery of that which is distant or obscure; perception from a distance.
1605Shakes. Lear iv. vi. 217 The maine descry Stands on the hourely thought. 1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. x. i. (1632) 1253 Without danger of descry. |