| 释义 |
stoutness|ˈstaʊtnɪs|
[f. stout a. + -ness.]
The quality or condition of being stout.
†1. Pride, haughtiness, arrogance. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce vii. 356 For quhar a hert is rycht vorthy, Agane stoutnes [it] is ay stout. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. vi. xviii. (1495) 204 And god commaundeth that the lordes be not besye to wynne and gete theyr owne joye and stowtnes. c1400Brut 124 He..bicome a gode man and an holy, and lefte al maner pride & stoutenesse. 1535Coverdale Jer. xlviii. 29, I knowe hir stoutnesse [1611 pride]. 1548Udall Erasm. Par. Matt. v. 5 Stowtnes and styfnes is hated of al men. 1552Latimer Serm. 3rd Sund. Epiph. (1584) 309 b, Beware of pride and stoutnes. 1570Jewel Def. Apol. ii. iii. (1571) 119 Doubtlesse..the Councel of Aphrica meante the stoutenesse of the Cleregie, and not of the Nobles: the pride of Rome, and not of Aphrica. 1572Huloet (ed. Higins), Stoutnes, proudeness, or arrogancie, fastus, arrogantia, ferocitas, [etc.]. 1600Holland Livy xlii. xiv. 1123 Besides, the stoutnes used by Harpalus (the principall person of the embassie)..exasperated their stomackes. 1607Shakes. Cor. v. vi. 27 His stoutnesse When he did stand for Consull, which he lost By lacke of stooping.
2. Bravery, valour, courageousness. Now rare, exc. in stoutness of heart.
c1470Gol. & Gaw. 799 Is nane sa stalwart in stour, with stoutnes to stand. 1553Brende Q. Curtius A iij, In an excellent capitaine nature must geve the chiefest partes, that is to say: hardines, stowtenes of stomacke, wyth a natural wisdome and understanding. 1561Hoby tr. Castiglione's Courtier i. (1577) C ij b, Dyuerse calamities, which hee alwayes bore out with such stoutnesse of courage, that [etc.]. a1575tr. Pol. Verg. Eng. Hist. i. (Camden, No. 36) 39 At the lengthe, having conflicte with wilde beastes, [he] made a beastlie ende, and thus.. to miche stoutenes beecamme his owne confusion. a1586Sidney Arcadia iii. xvii. (1912) 452 [She] was an Amazon, and therefore had gotton a habite of stoutnes above the nature of a woman. 1631Gouge God's Arrows v. §6. 416 Stoutnesse and courage of mind. 1666Pepys Diary 17 Sept., Sir Thomas Clifford, who appears..much set by at Court for his activity in going to sea, and stoutness every where. 1691Hartcliffe Virtues 119 As Stoutness of mind very well agrees with Meekness, and therefore Moses, who was indeed a Person of the most undaunted Courage, is said in Scripture to be the meekest Man upon Earth. 1727Bailey vol. II, Stoutness, Courageousness, Boldness. 1822Lamb Elia Ser. i. Decay of Beggars, The common cripple would despise his own pusillanimity, viewing the hale stoutness, and hearty heart, of this half-limbed giant. 1827Pollok Course T. ii. 770 He..Amidst vindictive thunders lets them try The stoutness of their heart.
3. Firmness, resoluteness.
1561Eden Art Navig. Pref. {fatpara}{fatpara} i, Accoumpting..rashnesse for hardinesse, impudencie for stoutnesse. 1577T. Vautrollier Luther on Ep. Gal. 48 Our stoutnes therfore in this matter is godly and holy. 1642–4Vicars God in Mount 132 These with the rest discovered aboundance of stoutnes and resolution. 1799H. More Fem. Educ. (ed. 4) I. 8 Let her..not make herself amends by the stoutness of her orthodoxy for the badness of her temper.
†4. Stubbornness, intractability, rebelliousness. Obs.
c1400Rom. Rose 1936 He is a fool in sikernesse, That with daunger or stoutnesse Rebellith ther that he shulde plese. c1440Promp. Parv. 478/2 Stowtnesse, or vnbuxumnesse, rebellio. 1560Bps. Addr. in Strype Ann. Ref. (1709) I. xviii. 214 Not in any respect of Self-Will, Stoutness, or striving against her Majesty. 1570Jewel Def. Apol. ii. xviii. (1571) 350 But perceiuing that the King was much moued and misliked his stoutnesse, the next night folowing, he fled ouer into France, and afterwarde sought aide of the Pope. 1599Sandys Europæ Spec. (1632) 174 Hee opposeth a proud stoutnesse and intractable obstinacie. a1654Gataker Antid. Errour (1670) 51 Either out of a stoutnes of stomack, and a stifnes of self-wil, or out of an extream malice and inveterate hatred against the person. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) II. 534 There is a stoutness, and an aversion to inferiority rooted in all men, which must be managed with great delicacy.
5. Sporting. In animals, esp. horses and foxes: Staying power, endurance.
1818‘W. H. Scott’ Brit. Field Sports 511 Horses..able to carry weight,..and more distinguished for stoutness, in the Turf phrase, namely stoutness of heart, or ability to last, than for speed. 1826J. Cook Fox-hunting 61, I could enumerate many other capital runs to prove the stoutness of the Essex foxes. 1856‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rural Sports i. iii. ii. 156 Stoutness [in the greyhound] depends partly upon general muscular development. 1883Times 22 Oct. 10/2 He [a racehorse] appears to be bred rather for speed than for stoutness. 1901Daily Chron. 20 Nov. 4/2 A capital day's sport was witnessed at this club gathering,..hares running with great stoutness.
6. In physical senses:
a. Strength of body or limbs (now rare).
c1440Promp. Parv. 478/2 Stowtnesse, or strenghe, robur. 1866Seeley Ecce Homo iii. (ed. 8) 23 No one doubted the stoutness of Samson's sinews.
b. Corpulence.
1838Lytton Alice ii. ii, Mr. Merton was..fair, and inclined to stoutness. 1899‘A. Hope’ King's Mirror xiv. 139 He grew indolent; his stoutness increased. 1902M. Barnes-Grundy Thames Camp 49 Long hours of idleness..tend to encourage a dreadful infirmity called ‘stoutness’.
c. Massiveness; strength due to thickness.
1845Florist's Jrnl. (1846) VI. 156 Our plant however is by no means possessed of the huge size and stoutness for which D. speciosum is remarkable. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 409 Carex vulpina..Perigynia compressed, ribs variable in stoutness. 1915Blackw. Mag. Aug. 198/2 In spite of the stoutness of our tackle, they broke us. |