| 释义 |
▪ I. strand, n.1|strænd|
Forms: 1 strand, 2–6 strande, 3–6 stronde, 3–8 strond, (3 straunde, 6 strounde), 3– strand.
[OE. strand (? neut.) = OFris. strônd (WFris. strân, straun, NFris. strön, strunn), MLG. strant (strand-) masc. (whence Du. strand neut., mod.G. strand masc.), ON. strǫnd (strand-) fem., border, edge, coast (Sw., Da. strand).]
1. a. The land bordering a sea, lake, or † river; in a more restricted sense, that part of a shore which lies between the tide-marks; sometimes used vaguely for coast, shore. Cf. sea-strand. Now poet., arch. or dial.
c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. xiii. 48 Þa hi þa þat nett uppatuᵹon & sæton be þam strande. Ibid. John xxi. 4 Witodlice on ærne merᵹen se hælend stod on þam strande. a1066Charter of Eadweard in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 221 Ic ciðe eow ðæt Urk min huskarl habbe his strand eall, forneᵹen hys aᵹen land..and eall ðæt to his strande ᵹedryuen hys, be minum fullan bebode. c1200Ormin 11155 Forr Crist, son summ he fullhtnedd wass & stiȝhenn upp o strande. c1205Lay. 17586 Þer heo nomen hauene..scipen eoden a þat strond, cnihtes eoden a þat lond. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2717 And moyses druȝ him to ðe strond, And stalle he dalf him ðe sond. c1290Mary Magd. 471 in S. Eng. Leg. 475 Þe prince stap out of þe schipe:..Opon þe stronde he ȝaf a lupe. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 14049 Seuen hundred schipe lyn by þe stronde. c1384Chaucer H. Fame 148 The Armes and also the man That first came..Vnto the strondes of Lauyne. 1390Gower Conf. II. 232 Thei ben comen sauf to londe, Wher thei gon out upon the stronde Into the Burgh. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 50 A lowe ground ebbe was fast by the strond, That no maryner durst take on hond To cast an anker. 1544Betham Precepts War i. lii. D j b, Wherby other shyppes can not well arryue at anye strounde, ne yet go out of the hauen. 1593Peele Honour of Garter 15 The channel that divides The Frenchmen's strond fro Britain's fishy towns. c1595Donne Sat. ii. 78 Shortly (as the sea) hee will compasse all our land; From Scots, to Wight; from Mount, to Dover strand. 1632J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Eromena 26 They walked along the strond, till they came to his Barke. 1681Dryden Abs. & Achit. i. 272 The Joyful People throng'd to see him Land, Cov'ring the Beach and blackning all the Strand. 1718Prior Alma ii. 535 The Strand, Which compasses fair Albion's Land. 1759Ann. Reg. 36/1 Quebec..consists of an upper and lower town, the lower..is built upon a strand, at the foot of a lofty rock. 1796H. Hunter St.-Pierre's Stud. Nat. (1799) II. 155 James Cartier and Champlain represent the strands of the lakes of North-America as shaded by stately walnut-trees. 1817Shelley Rev. Islam i. xvi, On the bare strand Upon the sea-mark a small boat did wait. 1871Couch Polperro ii. 32 The next object of notice..is the beach, or ‘strand’, inside the old quay. 1911E. Beveridge North Uist vi. 132 Six [of the island-forts] are easily accessible over the strand at ebb-tide.
fig.1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. Pref. ⁋25 God brought Moses law into the world to be as a strand to the inundation of impiety.
†b. in certain rhyming and alliterative phrases used in charters. Obs.
11..Charter of Eadweard (a.d. 1066) in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 192 Ic nelle..ðat ðær any man any onsting habbe on any þ[i]ngen oðe on any timen be strande ne bi lande buton [etc.]. 1155Charter Hen. II in Anglia VII. 220 Saca & Socne, on strande & on Streame, on wudan & on feldan, tolles & theames, grithbriches & hamsocne & forstalles & infangenes thiafes & fleamene frimtha ofer heore aȝene men. 1208Rot. Chart. (1837) 184/1 Habeant..omnia predicta..cum soka et saca..et cum aliis consuetudinibus..warwagio suo bilaunde & bistraunde [etc.]. [1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Strand and Stream, an Expression formerly us'd for an immunity or freedom from Custom, and all Impositions upon Goods or Vessels by Land or by Water.]
†c. A quay, wharf, or landing-place by the side of navigable water. Obs.
den and strand: see dene n.2 2.
1205Rot. Chart. (1837) 153/1 Habeant [barones de Hastinges] strand [printed strand] & dene apud Gernemue. 1577–87Holinshed Chron. III. 1097/1 Sir Thomas Wiat hauing with him foureteene ensignes,..marched to Detford strand, eight miles from Detford. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa viii. 301 A most impregnable castle, which standeth vpon the strand or wharfe of the port. c1600in T. Brown Misc. Aulica (1702) 254 If any that hath a House or Land adjoining do make a Strand, Stairs, or such like, they pay forthwith Rent to the City of London. 1637Milton Comus 876 By Leucothea's lovely hands, And her son [sc. Portunus] that rules the strands. 1707Lond. Gaz. No. 4397/3 He was..one of the Elder Brothers of Trinity-House of Deptford-Strond. 1859Bartlett Dict. Amer. (ed. 2) 455 The Dutch on the Hudson River apply the term to a landing-place; as, the strand at Kingston.
d. the Strand: the name of a street in London; originally so called as occupying, with the gardens belonging to the houses, the ‘strand’ or shore of the Thames between the cities of London and Westminster.
1246Misc. Rolls, Chancery Bd. 3 No. 2 m. 1 Domos..extra muros Ciuitatis nostre London, in vico qui vocatur le Straunde. 1601F. Godwin Bps. Eng. 262 Walter de Langton..built also..the pallace by the Strond at London. 1613Shakes. Hen. VIII, v. iv. 55 [She] cryed out Clubbes, when I might see from farre, some forty Truncheoners draw to her succour, which were the hope o' th' Strond where she was quartered. 1691Wood Ath. Oxon. II. 226 James Heath [was] Son of Rob. Heath the Kings Cutler, living in the Strand leading from London to Westminster. 1729Pope Dunc. ii. 28 Where the tall may-pole once o'er-look'd the Strand. 1790Pennant London 126–7, I shall resume my account at the opening of the Strand into Charing-Cross, by observing, that in the year 1353, that fine street the Strand was an open highway, with here and there a great man's house, with gardens to the water-side. 1823Byron Island ii. xix, But less grand, Though not less loved, in Wapping or the Strand.
e. Used vaguely (like shore n.1 1 c) for country, region, esp. a foreign country. Chiefly poet.
c1386Chaucer Prol. 13 Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages And Palmeres for to seken straunge strondes. c1400Roland & Otuel 1215 An hundrethe knyghtes of Turkeye Bare his Mawmettes hym by And paste ouer that strande. c1590Greene Fr. Bacon (1594 facs.) F 3, Drugges..Found in the wealthy strond of Affrica. 1704Cobb Poems (1709) 57 Sail, Happy Prince, to that expecting Strand Where wealthy Tagus rowls his golden Sand. 1821Shelley Hellas 1028 Let Freedom and Peace flee far To a sunnier strand.
¶2. Used for shore n.4 Obs. (? nonce-use.)
1635B. Jonson Epigr. To a Friend 13 Seek out some hungry painter, that..Will well design thee to be view'd by all, That sit upon the common draught or strand [rhyme brand].
3. a. attrib. and Comb., as strand bank, strand bird, strand bush, strand-plant; † strand boat, a shore boat; strand fishery, a coast fishery pursued from the shore (Webster Suppl. 1902); strandflat [partial tr. Da. strandflade, lit. ‘beach expanse’ (H. Reusch 1894, in Norges Geol. Undersøgelse No. 14. 1)], a very wide rocky platform, close to sea level, that extends along much of the Norwegian coastline between cliffs and the sea; (with a and pl.) any particular part of this; † strand hedge Isle of Man, a fence on the sea shore; strand ice (see quot.); strand knife Whaling, a knife for cutting blubber; strand-line Geol. (see quot.); strand-nut (see quot.); † strand plat, the beach or seashore; † strandward in advb. phr. to (the) strandward, in the direction of the beach or sea-shore.
1881tr. Nordenskiold's Voy. ‘Vega’ II. xiv. 225 At Nunamo the *strand-bank was gay with an exceedingly rich magnificence of colour.
1755Gentl. Mag. XXV. 319 Among other birds in this country [Norway] are some that haunt the coast..called *strand birds. 1860Wraxall Life in Sea iii. 49 The Strand Birds, which live on the verge of the ocean, and on the beach deserted by the tide.
1670Capt. J. Smith Eng. Improv. Reviv'd 268 To carry on this great Trade, they [the Hollanders] have 700 *Strand-boates.
1863W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting vii. 282 The inyala is only to be met with in the *strand bush along the coast.
[1906Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. LXII. 87 Raised rock-platforms of marine origin..were found along the Norwegian coast, and had been termed strandflade or ‘coast-plane [read -plain]’ by Dr. Reusch. ]1922Skrifter utgit av Videnskabsselskabet i Kristiania 1921: Mat.-Nat. Kl. No. 11. 60 At Tangen, on the south side of Sogne Fjord,..there is a well-marked *strandflat..on which the houses are situated. 1934R. A. Daly Changing World Ice Age v. 166 Along the coast of southern Norway the strandflat is a composite of three benches, with inner edges respectively 30 to 40 meters and 15 to 18 meters above sea and a few metres..below sea-level. 1940Geogr. Jrnl. XCVI. 96 The origin of strandflats has interested many writers. 1954W. D. Thornbury Princ. Geomorphol. xvii. 436 The Strandflat along the west coast of Norway, which is thought by some to be of marine origin, has a maximum width of 40 miles. 1972J. L. Davies Geogr. Variation Coastal Devel. vi. 87 The enormous width of strandflats in some places makes it difficult to conceive of them as extraordinarily extensive shore platforms and their origin remains obscure.
1723in H. Stowell Life Wilson App. i. (1819) 337 [Isle of Man] By the governor's granting licence to inclose the lands of several persons under their *strand hedges.
1897tr. Nansen's Farthest North II. vii. 346 Close to our den there was an opening in the *strand-ice. Note, Ice which is frozen fast to the bottom, and is therefore left lying like an icy base along the shore.
1820Scoresby Acc. Arctic Reg. II. 299 Process of Flensing... The blubber..is received upon deck by the boat-steerers and line-managers: the former with *strand-knives divide it into portable cubical, or oblong pieces.
1910Encycl. Brit. XI. 658/2 Proof of recent emergence of land is supplied by what are called ‘raised beaches’ or ‘*strand-lines’, that is, lines of former shores marked by sheets of littoral deposits, or platforms cut by shore-waves in rock.
1860J. F. Campbell Tales W. Highl. I. Introd. 9 On the stormy coasts of the Hebrides,..fishermen..find..objects, somewhat like flat chestnuts.. which they call..*strand-nuts.
1906Daily Chron. 13 Aug. 3/2 Most of the Hawaiian *strand-plants that are dispersed by the currents are found in America.
1582Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 78 Father Anchises his palms from *strond plat inhauncing On gods heunlye cryeth.
c1400Beryn 3138 So, walkyng to the *Strondward, wee bargeynyd by the wey. 1582Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 56 Soom run to vessels too strondward swiftlye retyring.
b. In the names of birds, beasts, etc. that frequent the shores of seas, lakes, or estuaries, as strand-plover, -runner (see quots.; cf. strandlooper 2); strand-wolf [Du.], the name given in S. Africa to the striped hyena (Hyæna brunnea).
1772Rutty Nat. Hist. Dublin I. 324 The *Strand Plover, by some called, the Stone Plover. 1885Swainson Prov. Names Birds 181 Grey plover (Squatarola helvetica)... Strand plover (Cork).
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), *Strand-Runner, a Bird of the bigness of a Lark, with a four-square Bill resembling a Rasp, which runs on the Rocks of Spitsberg and feeds on Worms.
1786G. Forster tr. Sparrman's Voy. Cape of Good Hope I. 165 Two other voracious animals of this kind are found in Africa, which are distinguished by the names of mountain-wolf and *strand-wolf. 1826A. Smith Catal. S. Afr. Mus. i. 14 Striped Hyæna of the English. Strand Wolf of the Dutch. 1881Encycl. Brit. XII. 420/2 If the strand wolf (Hyæna villosa) of the Cape colonists is only a variety of this species [Hyæna striata].
▪ II. strand, n.2 Chiefly Sc. and north.|strænd|
Forms: 3, 6 strond, strund, 4 stronde, 3– strand.
[App. connected with strind2, though the phonological relation is obscure.
The first quot. is from a work belonging to a group of writings (the ‘Katharine group’), which show a curious mixture of midland and even northern forms with their markedly southern dialect. (The regular Southern form strund occurs in the same text.) Otherwise the word is purely northern, exc. for its occurrence in the Wyclif Bible and in Wyclif's sermons, and once in Spenser (who may have imitated Douglas).]
†1. A stream, brook, rivulet; transf. a stream (of blood, etc.). Obs.
a1240Ureisun in Lamb. Hom. 189 Þe ilke fif wallen þet of þi blisfulle bodi sprungen and strike dun strondes [Cotton MS. Ibid. p. 202 strundes] of blode. a1300Cursor M. 1033 In middes þat land a welle springes, Þat rennes out wit four strandes. a1340Hampole Psalter cix. 8 De torrente in via bibit..Of þe strand in way he drank. 1340–70Alex. & Dind. 140 He dide him forþ to flod þat phison is called,..From perlese paradis passeþ þe stronde. 1357Lay Folks Catech. (Lamb. MS.) 192 Our lady was ful of grace as a stronde ful of watyr. 1388Wyclif Num. xiii. 24 Thei ȝeden til to the stronde of clustre [1382 the rennynge watir of the clustre]. Ibid., Deut. ix. 21 Y..castide [it] forth in to the stronde [1382 streem], that cam doun fro the hil. a1400–50Wars Alex. 5280 Was neuir na cristall so clere as was þa clere strandis. Ibid. 4202, 5507. c 1470 Henry Wallace ix. 975 A litill strand he fand, that ran hym by. 1552Lyndesay Monarche 4038 The strandis of blude ran throuch the stretis. 1595Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 92/1 Ane strand and rynner of watter that flowis furthe of the said wall. 1632Lithgow Trav. vi. 255 In all the bounds of Arabia Deserta..there is no such matter, as Brooke, or strand, much lesse a Riuer. 1650Sc. Psalms lxxxiii. 9 Do to them as to Midian, Jabin at Kison strand. 1722W. Hamilton Wallace 247 A Strand of Water running by. 1805Scott Last Minstr. i. xxv, He pass'd the Peel of Goldiland, And cross'd old Borthwick's roaring strand. 1809Donaldson Poems 39 Ye wives lament..Let tears rin like the Keppin stran'. 1901Gallovidian III. 74/1 [The sweat] wus rinnin' frae their neb-en's in strauns.
fig.a1340Hampole Psalter xvii. 5 Þe strandis of wickidnes [Vulg. torrentes iniquitatis] has drouyd me. c1375Wyclif Sel. Wks. II. 255 And al þis is a stronde of love, þat stronger may no love be. For where is welle of more love, than [etc.].
attrib.1587Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 469/1 Rex..concessit..2/16 partes terrarum..haben. ex australi antiquos muros petarum Jo. Purdie ad lie Strandheid.
¶2. Used by Douglas and Spenser for: The sea, a sheet of water.
1513Douglas æneis i. iv. 5 Eneas and his feris, on the strand Wery and forwrocht, sped tham to the nerrast land. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. vi. 19 By this time was the worthy Guyon brought Vnto the other side of that wide strond, Where she was rowing.
3. Sc. A channel, gutter.
1565Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 387 Canalem, vulgariter ane strand vel a syk. 1721Ramsay Rise & Fall of Stocks 90 Children..In summer dam up little strands, Collect the drizzle to a pool. 1810Sir A. Boswell Edin. Poet. Wks. (1871) 53 There in the dirty current of the strand, Boys drop the rival corks. 1903J. Lumsden Toorle i. iii. 14 Ye scaur the vera deuks That plouter i the strand alang the street.
Comb.1822Scott Nigel xv, He has three bairns, they say; they will help him bravely to grope in the gutters. Your good lordship may have the ruining of him again, my Lord, if they have any luck in strand-scouring.
▪ III. † strand, n.3 north. Obs.
[? Altered form of strind1.]
Line of descent, pedigree; offspring, descendants: = strain n.1
a1300Cursor M. 9497 He wat born of frely strand [rhyme errand]. Ibid. 10157 Bot o þe toþer sister strand, Þat ioachim had til husband, Þan sal we first vr stori drau.
▪ IV. strand, n.4|strænd|
Also 5–8 strond, 8 strang, 8–9 dial. stran, 9 Sc. strawn.
[Of obscure origin; connexion with strain n.3, or with OF. estran, estren rope, is not proved.]
1. Each of the strings or yarns which when twisted together or ‘laid’ form a rope, cord, line, or cable. Also, a ply (of worsted). dial. Also attrib., as three strand rope.
1497Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 244, ij cabulles..of iiij strondes.., iiij hawsers..wherof oon of iij Strondes. 1627Capt. Smith Sea Gram. v. 26 The Wall knot..is a round knob, so made with the strouds [sic] or layes of a rope, it cannot slip. Ibid. ix. 43. 1644 H. Manwayring Seamans Dict. 18 A Cabell is a three-strand Roape. 1674Ray S. & E.C. Words, Strand, one of the twists of a line; be it of horse⁓hair or ought else. Suss. 1755N. Magens Insurances I. 182 They were obliged to cut a Cable of four Strangs to Pieces. 1794Morse Amer. Geog. 425 Machinery, to..spin flax and hemp into threads or yarns, fit for..sail cloth, oznabrigs, twine, and the strans or yarns for cordage. 1800Naval Chron. III. 474 Three strond shroud-laid rope. 1821J. Smyth Pract. of Customs (1821) 74 Every Cable..is composed of three strands, every strand of three ropes, and every rope of three twists. 1898Mrs. C. P. Penberthy Warp & Woof of Cornish Life ii. 13, I darned the hole with worsterd, and twas blue, dark blue worsterd, and twas five strans thick.
transf.1863Bates Nat. Amazons I. ii. 47 Some [tree-stems] were twisted in strands like cables.
fig.1816Scott Antiq. xix, The three strands of the conversation, to speak the language of a rope work, were again twined together into one undistinguishable string of confusion. 1855Tennyson Maud i. xviii. vii, The dusky strand of Death inwoven here With dear Love's tie, makes Love himself more dear.
b. Each of the lengths of twisted wire used to form a wire-rope, cable, or electric conductor.
1860Chamb. Encycl. I. 522/1 The [Atlantic] cable..was composed of a strand of seven wires of pure copper, coated with..gutta percha,..and finally bound round with iron wires. 1875Bedford Sailor's Pocket Bk. x. 313 Wire rope usually consists of 6 strands round a hempen core; each strand consists of 6 wires round a smaller hempen core. 1891Pall Mall Gaz. 16 Mar. 2/1 A special form of cable has been laid, consisting of four conductors each composed of a strand of seven copper wires.
2. Each of the threads or strips of a woven or plaited material; hence a thread or strip drawn from such material.
1802–12Bentham Ration. Judic. Evid. (1827) II. 691 When, instead of the G.R., comes the broad arrow on timber, or the strand in sail cloth, then comes the doubt..as between written and real evidence. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 71 Connected by means of a strand of cotton with a small reservoir of water. 1914Daily News 30 Sept. 3, [I] had to pull a strand of good Irish homespun from my coat before I could lash it to the mast-head.
fig.1868Nettleship Ess. Browning's Poetry v. 130 A garment in which fear made many strands. 1904S. H. Butcher Harvard Lect. 195 The Platonic dialogues are another case in point. Several strands of thought are here subtly interwoven.
3. Transferred senses.
a. A string of beads, pearls, and the like; also the material on which they are strung.
1825Jamieson s.v., A strawn of beads. 1860Whittier Truce of Piscataqua 46 In his wigwam..Sits a woman all alone, Wampum beads and birchen strands Dropping from her careless hands. 1876Surrey Gloss., Strand, a stalk of grass. The children make what they call a strand of strawberries, i.e. they take a long stalk and thread it full of them. 1886Sheldon tr. Flaubert's Salammbô 14 Strands of pearls attached to her temples.
b. A barb or fibre of a feather. (Cf. strain n.3 3.)
1847Stoddart Angler's Comp. 93 Hoffland's Fancy [fly]... Body: reddish, dark brown silk, red hackle, two or three strands of ditto for tail.
c. A tress or a filament of hair.
1870Echo 19 Oct., His long hair, not unconscious of a grey strand, hangs over a forehead lofty and massive. 1904H. G. Wells Food of Gods iii. ii. 233 The breeze had stolen a strand or so of her hair too. 1915Q. Rev. Oct. 359 Four hundred years after her death..they [Junot's soldiers] found among her bones the thick strands of the marvellous yellow hair which the old books tell of.
d. A thread or filament in animal or vegetable structure.
1877Foster Phys. iii. i. (1878) 394 A sensory nerve in its simplest form may be regarded as a strand of eminently irritable protoplasm. 1879Calderwood Mind & Brain 50 Molecular changes in the brain are consequent upon impulses propagated along the strands of nerve fibres. 1887Garnsey & Balfour De Bary's Fungi 18 The hyphae form by their union elongated branching strands (fibrous or fibrillose mycelia). 1904Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 583 The strands and nodes of the cytoplasmic reticulum which traverse this ground substance vary a great deal in thickness.
e. Each of the pieces into which a strip of metal is divided by slitting (see quot.).
1876Encycl. Brit. IV. 218/1 The metal for wire drawing is rolled into long strips..and cut into ‘strands’ by means of slitting rolls.
4. Comb.: strand ground (see quot.); strand-hook, a hook to which strands of cordage are fastened in the process of tempering; also attrib.
1882Caulfeild & Saward Dict. Needlework 463/1 *Strand ground. This ground is used to connect sprays of Honiton Lace, and is formed of irregular Bars made on the Pillow and with two Bobbins.
1825J. Nicholson Oper. Mech. 431 Thus bringing all the strands to an equal tension, without one *strand-hook making more revolutions than another. Ibid., The strand hook spindles..are so contrived, for the tempering of the strands, that any one or more of them may..be made to slide.
Add: [c indigo][3.] f.[/c] Broadcasting. A regular series of programmes having a common theme, style, or format; also, the place in a programme schedule occupied by this.
1979New Scientist 3 May 352/3 If the subject matter falls within the brief of one of the established programme series—or ‘strands’ as the BBC calls them—then the way in which one chooses to treat the subject must tally with an audience's expectation of that series. 1985Financial Times 7 Dec. 9/3 Brook Productions has made no complaint about the nonrenewal of ‘A Week in Politics’. C4 has always said that programme strands would have a limited life. 1989Television Week 8–14 June 2/6 The Channel For Living will contain ‘information’ programming and women's strands.
▪ V. strand, v.1|strænd|
[f. strand n.1 Cf. Du., G. stranden, Da. strande, Sw., Icel. stranda, intr. to run aground.]
1. trans. To drive or force aground on a shore, esp. on the sea-shore; also rarely of a river, to leave aground (by the ebbing of the tide).
1621in Foster Eng. Factories Ind. (1906) 264 The last yeare..all taken or stranded by the Portugall. 1666Dryden Ann. Mirab. ccli, As those who live by Shores with joy behold Some wealthy Vessel split or stranded nigh. 1680Lond. Gaz. No. 1508/1 The Adventure, and Bristol..are come up so close with him, that we doubt not but they will either take or strand him. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 809 Mighty Phocæ, never seen before In shallow Streams, are stranded on the Shore. 1723De Foe Col. Jack (1840) 297 To run the ship on shore to save our lives and so, stranding our vessel, spoil both sloop and cargo. 1777Cook Voy. S. Pole iii. xi. 158 They likewise asserted that neither she, nor any other ship, had been stranded on the coast. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. III. v. iii, The corpses of the first were flung into the Rhone, but the Rhone stranded some. 1843A. Bethune Scott. Peasant's Fire-side 117 The vessel was stranded in a gale during the night, on the west coast of England.
2. transf. and fig. Chiefly in pass.
1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. II. vi. v, Your National Assembly, like a ship waterlogged, helmless, lies tumbling;..and waits where the waves of chance may please to strand it. 1850Blackie æschylus II. 64 Thy pride will strand thee on a worser woe. 1860Tyndall Glac. ii. viii. 264 When a glacier diminishes in size it leaves its lateral moraines stranded on the flanks of the valleys. 1874Ruskin Fors Clav. IV. xxxvii. 3, I am left utterly stranded and alone in life and thought. 1876M. E. Braddon J. Haggard's Dau. I. 5 A man of superior mind, stranded for life in such a place as Combhaven, might naturally think himself a king. 1880Goldw. Smith Cowper ii. 22 At thirty-five he was stranded and desolate. 1885A. Seth Scott. Philos. ii. 68 When he [Hume] had given free scope to his logical acuteness, he stranded himself equally with his masters on the consequences he arrived at.
3. intr. To run aground.
1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 17 It blowing so fresh, and we having all our Sails abroad, the Ship in all probability should have stranded. 1705tr. Bosman's Guinea 418 They belong'd to a small French Pyrate, which stranded there about ten Days before. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 68 Lost 6 or 7 ships of the line, two by catching fire..and the others by stranding on the sandbanks. 1864Tennyson En. Ard. 548 Half the night, Buoy'd upon floating tackle and broken spars, These drifted, stranding on an isle at morn. 1887Pall Mall Gaz. 17 Feb. 7/2 The Guion Line steamer Wisconsin stranded yesterday during a fog on the outer bar,..and remained fast.
fig.1901Munsey's Mag. (U.S.) XXV. 668/1 An old fellow in Mariposa County, California, who stranded there when the current of the forty niners ebbed out of the hills. 1908H. Wales Old Allegiance ix. 148 So I stranded in a remarkable quandary.
Hence ˈstranding vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1817W. Selwyn Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 882 To constitute a stranding it is essential that the vessel should be stationary; the striking on a rock where the vessel remains for a minute and a half only, is not a stranding, though she thereby receives an injury, which eventually proves fatal. 1884Sir T. Brassey in 19th Cent. Mar. 445 Careless shipmasters and mates are responsible for many collisions and strandings. 1904H. G. Wells Food of Gods ii. ii. 190 Big frogs, bigger trout and stranding carp.
▪ VI. strand, v.2|strænd|
[f. strand n.4]
1. intr. Of a rope: To break one or more of its strands. Also trans., to break one or more of the strands of (a rope).
a1780G. Gilbert in Besant Capt. Cook (1890) 169 The hawser we had reeved for that purpose being so rotten, that it stranded in five or six places as we were heaving. 1841R. H. Dana Seaman's Man. 128 A rope is stranded when one of its strands is parted or broken by chafing or by a strain. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xii. (1856) 88 In another attempt a four-inch hawser will be stranded without producing the slightest effect.
2. trans. To form (a rope) by the twisting of strands.
1886Encycl. Brit. XX. 846/1 Wire ropes are stranded..in machines which do not differ in essential features from the ordinary rope-making machinery.
3. To insert a strand or filament in (a texture). Also fig.
1894J. E. Davis Elem. Mod. Dressmaking 116 Very careful workers strand their button-holes—i.e. carry a thread of silk across each edge over which to work the stitch. 1911Webster, Strand,..3. To weave a strand in, as with a needle in mending a garment; as, to strand a stocking; to strand a hole or rent. 1914Blackw. Mag. Nov. 581/2 Time..has..prettily stranded her black hair with grey. |