| 释义 |
devest, v. arch.|dɪˈvɛst|
[a. OF. devester (13th c.), also desvestir (12th c. in Hatzf.), f. des-, dé- = L. dis- (see de- 6, dis-) + vestir, mod.F. vêtir:—L. vestīre to clothe. The Latin dictionaries cite a single instance of dēvestīre to undress, from Appuleius; but in Romanic, the prefix is dis-, des-: cf. Pr. desvestir, devestir, It. divestire, med.L. dis-, dī-, dē-vestīre, from OFr. In later English the prefix is conformed to classical L. analogies as divest, q.v., and devest now survives only in sense 5 (in which divest also occurs).]
†1. trans. To unclothe, undress, disrobe (a person); refl. to undress oneself. Obs.
1598Yong Diana 13 If that she was alone, deuesting her. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, ii. iv. 78 That you deuest your selfe, and lay apart The borrowed Glories. 1604― Oth. ii. iii. 181 Like Bride and Groome Deuesting them for Bed. 1623Cockeram, Deuest, to vncloath one. a1625Fletcher Woman's Prize i. ii, Leave it Maria: Devest you with obedient hands; to bed! 1649Alcoran 417 Whose filthy nakedness must appear When he is devested.
†b. fig. To dismantle, reduce to a defenceless state.
1652Gaule Magastrom. 335 The City of Rome being mightily devested by the Gaules, the Senators began to deliberate, whether they should repaire their ruined walls, or flee to Vejus.
†2. To strip (a person) of clothes, armour, etc.; to strip or deprive of anything that clothes or covers, or is fig. considered to do so. Obs.
1583Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 33 Troilus hee marcked running, deuested of armour. 1683J. Gadbury in Wharton's Wks. Pref., Left naked, and devested of every thing. 1687Dryden Hind & P. i. 187 And Aaron of his Ephod to devest. 1722Wollaston Relig. Nat. v. 122 Thoughts in their naked state, devested of all words. 1809Kendall Trav. II. xlvii. 148 One crab devested of its shell.
†3. fig. To strip (a person or thing) of (from) possessions, rights, or attributes; to denude, dispossess, deprive; rarely in good sense, to free, rid.
1563Sackville in Mirr. Mag., Buckingham xxix, The royall babes deuested from theyr trone. 1640Sanderson Serm. II. 155 We will speak of things..considered in themselves, and as they stand devested of all circumstances. 1641Milton Ch. Govt. ii. iii. (1851) 158 With much more reason..ought the censure of the Church be quite devested and disintal'd of all jurisdiction. 1647Ward Simp. Cobler 15 What a Cruelty it is to devest Children of that onely externall priviledge! 1647Jer. Taylor Dissuas. Popery ii. i. §11 How to devest it from its evil appendages. 1660― Duct. Dubit. ii. i, To say that God..had devested them of their rights. 1671True Nonconf. 268 To devest Preaching of this Authority. 1686Goad Celest. Bodies i. xviii. 117 The Aspects are not wholly devested of Influence when under the Horizon.
†4.
a. To take or pluck off (the clothing of any one).
b. To put off (clothing, anything worn, borne, possessed, or held); to throw off, give up, lay aside, abandon. Obs.
1566Drant Horace To Rdr. 2 Few or none doo attempt to deuest or pluck of her vaile of hypocrisie. 1625Donne Serm. lxvi. 667 As those Angels doe not devest Heaven by coming, so there, Soules invest Heaven in their going. 1626Ibid. iv. 33 No man that hath taken Orders can..devest his orders when he will. a1631Ibid. i. (1634) 5 The highest cannot devest mortality. ― Poems (1650) 252 Who..made whole townes devest Their wals and bulwarks. 1673S. C. Art of Complaisance 5 Perswading them that we have devested our own enmity. 1675Art Contentm. ix. §4. 224 That ugly form..by use devests its terror. 1765Blackstone Comm. I. 370 This natural allegiance..cannot be devested without [etc.].
†c. refl. to devest oneself of: to strip or dispossess oneself of; to put or throw off, lay down, lay aside. Obs.
1633J. Done Hist. Septuagint 2 His Father..devested himselfe of all Authority. 1651Hobbes Leviath. ii. xxvi. 147 To be able..to devest himselfe of all fear. 1672Marvell Reh. Transp. i. 239 The same day that they took up Divinity, they devested themselves of humanity. 1707Curios. in Husb. & Gard. 330 Salt..cannot devest it self of the Impression it had received from Nature. 1791Boswell Johnson an. 1783 (1816) IV. 273 The Reverend Mr. Shaw, a native of the Hebrides..devested himself of national bigotry.
5. Law.
a. To take away (a possession, right, or interest vested in any one), to alienate; to annul (any vested right), to convey away. to devest out of: the opposite of to ‘vest in’.
1574tr. Littleton's Tenures 32 a, They cannot deveste that thing in fee which hath beene vested in theire house. 1613Sir H. Finch Law (1636) 43 If a woman hauing chattels personall take a husband, the Law deuesteth the property out of her, and vesteth it in her husband onely. 1767Blackstone Comm. II. 184 The interest, which the survivor originally had, is clearly not devested by the death of his companion. 1818Cruise Digest (ed. 2) II. 364 Where..the freehold is not conveyed away or devested. 1840S. Warren 10,000 a Year ix. in Blackw. Mag. XLVIII. 92 The estate had once been vested, and could not subsequently be de-vested by an alteration or blemish in the instrument. 1842Stephen Laws Eng. (1874) II. 687 The title of any person instituted..to any benefice with cure of souls will be afterwards devested unless he shall publicly read..the 39 articles. 1848Arnould Mar. Insur. (1866) I. i. iii. 104 A mere pledge of the property, as a collateral security, does not devest all his insurable interest out of the property originally insured.
†b. To dispossess (a person) of any right, authority, etc., with which he is invested. Obs.
1644H. Parker Jus Pop. 17 It invests the grantee without devesting the grantor. 1661Cressy Refl. Oathes Suprem. & Alleg., He [Hen. VIII] devested the Pope, and assumed to himself the power of Excommunication. 1672in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 268 Persons which beare..offices..and are not legally devested. 1810J. Marshall Const. Opin. (1839) 133 The same power may devest any other individual of his lands.
Hence deˈvested ppl. a., deˈvesting vbl. n.; also deˈvestment.
1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 1303 The devesting of trees, which..begin to shed and lose their leaves. 1647M. Hudson Div. Right Govt. Introd. 6 By the Generall devestment of the creature of all its native graces and blessings. 1660Boyle New Exp. Phys. Mech. xxii. 164 They..lay aside the disguise of Air, and resume the devested form of Liquors. 1672Petty Pol. Anat. 42 The people of Ireland are all in Factions..called English and Irish, Protestants and Papists: Though indeed the real distinction is vested and devested of the Land belonging to Papists, ann. 1641. |