| 释义 |
primordial, a. (n.)|praɪˈmɔːdɪəl|
Also 5, 8 erron. pre-.
[ad. late L. prīmordiāl-is that is first of all, original, f. primordium: see -al1. So F. primordial (1480 in Hatz.-Darm.).]
A. adj.
1. a. Of, pertaining to, or existing at (or from) the very beginning; first in time, earliest, original, primitive, primeval.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. viii. i. (Tollem. MS.), The virtu of God made primordial mater, in þe whiche as it were in massy þinge þe foure elementis were vertually, and nouȝt distinguid. 1486Reception Hen. VII at York in Surtees Misc. (1888) 55 Theiz premordiall princes of this principalitie. a1626Bp. Andrewes Serm. (1856) I. 385 Abstinence is a virtue..Sure I am the ‘primordiale peccatum’, the primordial sin was not abstaining. 1687T. K. Veritas Evang. 98 There would have remained illustrious Memory thereof, at least in some of the primordial Churches. 1844Disraeli Coningsby ii. i, To recur to the primordial tenets of the Tory party. 1875Poste Gaius i. Introd. (ed. 2) 6 The portion of primary rights that..we shall call Primordial rights (right to life, health, liberty, reputation, etc.) are never so much as mentioned by Gaius.
b. primordial soup: see soup n.
2. Constituting the beginning or starting-point; from which something else is derived or developed, or on which something else depends; original (as opposed or correlated to derivative); fundamental, radical; elementary.
a1529Skelton Agst. Garnesche iv. 104 It plesyth that noble prince roialle Me as hys master for to calle In hys lernyng primordialle. 1666Boyle Orig. Formes & Qual. 388 Primordial Textures (if I may so call them). 1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. 837 Being no Simple Primitive and Primordial thing, but Secondary, Compounded and Derivative. 1799Kirwan Geol. Ess. 327 The primordial chaotic fluid, in whose bosom most stones were formed. 1856Dove Logic Chr. Faith v. ii. 323 Space and time are the primordial necessaries of thought. 1893Traill Soc. Eng. I. Introd. 53 A primordial instinct of human nature insures this concurrence and maintains it.
3. Anat. and Zool. Applied to parts or structures in their earliest or rudimentary stage, or to those formed at first, and afterwards replaced by others: = primitive a. 8 a.
1786Phil. Trans. LXXVI. 448 New ones are formed above, under, or at the sides of the primordial or temporary teeth, but in different sockets. 1870Rolleston Anim. Life p. xxxv, In all Vertebrata above the Amphibia, a primordial as well as a secondary kidney is developed. Ibid. 38 Two fused primordial vertebrae. 1905Brit. Med. Jrnl. 1 July 18 Final or dictyate condition of the primordial ovum.
4. Bot.
a. First or earliest formed in the course of growth: said of leaves, fruit, or other parts. primordial meristem = promeristem (pro-2 1).
1785Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xxviii. (1794) 443 The Scotch Pine..has two leaves in a sheath; and the primordial ones, solitary and smooth. 1830Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 247 When fascicled, the primordial leaf to which they are then axillary is membranous, and enwraps them like a sheath. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 220 Leaves broadly obovate obtuse toothed, primordial orbicular. 1925Eames & MacDaniels Introd. Plant Anat. iii. 41 The youngest cells in a region of growing plant body in which the formation of new organs or parts of organs is taking place constitute a promeristem, or primordial meristem. 1943Bot. Rev. IX. 142 The limits between primordial meristem cells at the apex and procambium cells below are vague.
b. Applied to tissues, etc., in their simplest or rudimentary stage or condition: as primordial cortex, primordial epidermis.
primordial cell, a cell in its simplest form, consisting merely of a mass of protoplasm, without cell-wall, cell-sap, etc. primordial utricle, name for the layer of denser protoplasm lining the wall of a vacuolate cell, and forming a sac inclosing the thinner protoplasm and cell-sap.
1849E. Lankester Schleiden's Princ. Bot. 569 Mohl asserts that the primordial utricle is the forerunner of the formation of the cellulose cell-wall. 1875Bennett & Dyer tr. Sachs' Bot. 5 It has hence become usual even to consider a protoplasmic body of this kind as a cell, and to designate it as a naked membraneless cell or Primordial Cell. Ibid. 126 The outermost layer of the primary meristem which covers the punctum vegetationis together with its apex is the immediate continuation of the epidermis of the older part which lies further backwards; it may therefore be termed the Primordial Epidermis.
fig.1893Barrows Parl. Relig. II. 1481 The primordial cell of organic Methodism is the class-meeting.
5. Geol. and Palæont.
†a. = primitive a. 7. Obs.
b. Applied by Barrande (1846) to a series or ‘zone’ of strata in Bohemia, containing the earliest fossil remains there found; hence extended to the corresponding strata in other parts of the world, forming part of the Cambrian system; also applied to fossils found in these strata.
1796Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) I. 285 In the primordial stones of Vesuvius. 1802Playfair Illustr. Hutton. The. 161 De Luc..applies the term primordial to the rocks in question and considers them as neither stratified nor formed by water. 1885Lyell Elem. Geol. xxviii. (ed. 4) 454 M. Barrande found in Étage C, in Bohemia, Trilobites of the genera Paradoxides, Conocoryphe [etc.]... These primordial Trilobites have a peculiar facies of their own. 1894Geol. Mag. Oct. 445 M. Barrande..then recognised the ‘Lingula Flag’ of Sedgwick as the exact equivalent of his primordial stratum (Etage C).
¶6. App. misused (as if f. L. ordo, ordin- order) for: Of the first order or rank.
1849Fraser's Mag. XXXIX. 383 From the time of Bossuet..no primordial champion of Catholicism arose in France.
B. n.
1. Something primordial, original, or fundamental; beginning, origin; a first principle, an element. rare.
1522Skelton Why not to Court 486 The primordyall Of his wretched originall. 1610Marcellini Triumphs Jas. I 85 It consisteth of 3. Letters..as the primordials and Radicall Letters of the Hæbrewes. 1668H. More Div. Dial. I. 37 The Primordialls of the World are not Mechanicall, but Spermaticall or Vital. 1813T. Busby Lucretius I. Dissert. p. iv, Like his own primordials, they are not only indestructible, but unassailable.
†2. Name for an early variety of plum. Obs.
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort., July 70 Plums, etc. Primordial, Myrobalan, the red, blew, and amber Violet. 1707Mortimer Husb. (1721) II. 376.
Hence priˈmordialism, primordial nature or condition; primordiˈality, the quality of being primordial; something characterized by this quality.
1874W. Wallace tr. Hegel's Logic 297 The cause therefore appears as passing into its correlative, and to be losing its primordiality in the latter. 1879H. Spencer Princ. Sociol. iv. §343 Yet another indication of primordialism may be named... Even between intimates greetings signifying continuance of respect, begin each renewal of intercourse. 1889H. F. Wood Englishman Rue Caïn xiv. 206 There be those that have construed simple grandeurs, grand simplicities, from idyllic gold-fields, to mean primordialities which, elsewhere, receive much precious time and space from the assize court and the gaol. 1977J. A. Fishman in H. Giles Lang., Ethnicity & Intergroup Relations i. 17 Primordiality denotes both primacy, in the sense of a presumably original essence, as well as primitivism or irreducibility. |