| 释义 |
dharma|ˈdɑːmə|
Also dharm, dharmma, dherma, dhurm.
[Skr., = decree, custom.]
In India, social or caste custom; right behaviour; law; esp. in Buddhism and Hinduism: moral law, truth. Cf. dhamma. So dharmaˈkaya, dharmaˈsastra, dharmaˈsutra (see quots.).
1796W. Jones tr. Inst. Hindu Law p. viii, Our Menu with his divine Bull, whom he names as Dherma [ed. 3 (1863), dharma] himself, or the genius of abstract justice. Ibid. p. xii, A number of glosses or comments on Menu were composed by the Munis, or old philosophers, whose treatises, together with that before us, constitute the Dhermasastra, in a collective sense, or Body of Law. 1849Max Müller Let. 29 July in Sacred Bks. East (1879) II. p. x, Complete Sûtra works are divided into three parts..the third (Sâmayâ⁓ḵarika or Dharma-sûtras), treating on temporal duties, customs, and punishments. 1850R. S. Hardy Eastern Monachism i. 5 Expositions of the doctrines of Budha..are called bana, or the Word; and the system itself is called dharmma, or the Truth. 1862Max Müller Chips (1867) I. ix. 196 The second and third baskets [sc. canonical books of the Buddhists] are sometimes comprehended under the general name of Dharma, or law. 1884S. Beal Buddhism in China x. 102 Here was the germ from which proceeded the idea or formula of an invisible presence; the teaching and power of the law (dharma) represented the dharmakāya, or law-body of Buddha. 1886Encycl. Brit. XXI. 287/2 The Dharmasûtras, or ‘rules of (religious) law’. 1938B. L. Suzuki Mahayana Buddhism ii. 46 The general explanation is that Dharmakaya..is the permanent, undifferentiated, comprehending Truth, but the detailed explanation differs according to the different schools of Buddhism. 1958J. Kerouac Dharma Bums i. 5 An oldtime bhikku in modern clothes wandering the world..to turn the wheel of the True Meaning, or Dharma. 1961Listener 31 Aug. 316/3 Everything was composed of these six elements, they were the origin of all things and were the Dharmakaya, the body and consciousness of Dainichi the Great Illuminator, the primordial and eternal Buddha. 1963Ibid. 28 Mar. 548/1 By religion I am translating the Sanskrit word dharma... For Hindus it acquired a special meaning of sacred law, the law of the Dharma-sastras or law books... Dharma is eternal. |