| 释义 |
diluent, a. and n.|ˈdɪl(j)uːənt|
[ad. L. dīluent-em, pr. pple. of dīluĕre to wash away, dissolve: see dilute.]
A. adj.
1. Diluting; serving to attenuate or weaken the consistency of any fluid by the addition of water or the like; spec., in medicine, making thin the fluids of the body.
1731Arbuthnot On Aliments v. (R.), There is no real diluent but water; every fluid is diluent as it contains water in it. 1757Johnstone in Phil. Trans. L. 546 To drink plentifully of thin broths, and other soft diluent liquors. 1833E. Fitzgerald Lett. (1889) I. 20 None of the washy, diluent effects of green vegetables. 1884H. W. Beecher in Chr. World Pulpit XXV. 234 As men mix strong wines with diluent water.
2. That has the property of dissolving; solvent.
1878Mozley Ess. II. 379 (Argt. Design) A rule much more diluent of all certainty.
B. n.
1. That which dilutes, dissolves, or makes more fluid; a diluting agent; a solvent.
1775Sir E. Barry Observ. Wines 392 This is the universal diluent. 1827Abernethy Surg. Wks. I. 31 The pancreatic juice has been considered as an useful and necessary diluent. 1856R. A. Vaughan Mystics (1860) I. 215 A chemist might call the former the sublimate, the latter the diluent, of the Actual. 1878Mozley Ess. II. 382 (Argt. Design) They are dissolved as soon as they enter this strong diluent.
2. spec. A substance which increases the proportion of water in the blood and other bodily fluids.
1721Bailey, Diluents..medicines serving to thin the blood. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet 270 Diluents, as Water, Whey, Tea. 1782J. C. Smyth in Med. Commun. I. 77 Warm diluents were..all that were necessary for the cure. 1861F. Nightingale Nursing 53 The patient requires diluents for quite other purposes than quenching the thirst. 1875H. C. Wood Therap. (1879) 588 A diluent is an indifferent substance which is absorbed and in its passage through the body simply dilutes the various fluids of the organism as well as the excretions. |