| 释义 |
diorama|daɪɒˈrɑːmə, -æ-|
[mod. (in F. 1822) f. Gr. δι-, δια- through + ὅρᾱµα that which is seen, a sight: cf. διορά-ειν to see through.]
a. A mode of scenic representation in which a picture, some portions of which are translucent, is viewed through an aperture, the sides of which are continued towards the picture; the light, which is thrown upon the picture from the roof, may be diminished or increased at pleasure, so as to represent the change from sunshine to cloudy weather, etc. The name has also been used to include the building in which dioramic views are exhibited; and in later times has been transferred to exhibitions of dissolving views, etc.
The Diorama, invented by Daguerre and Bouton, was first exhibited in London, 29 Sept. 1823, the building being erected in Regent's Park. It was patented in 1824 by J. Arrowsmith, No. 4899.
1823Ann. Reg. 309* It is called the Diorama, and the idea is borrowed from the panorama. 1824J. Arrowsmith Specif. Patent No. 4899 (title) An improved mode of publicly exhibiting pictures..which I denominate a ‘diorama’. 1872Geo. Eliot Middlem. liii, The memory has as many moods as the temper, and shifts its scenery like a diorama.
fig.1876L. Tollemache in Fortn. Rev. Jan. 117 Literature is able..to give a diorama of what it depicts, while art can give only a panorama. 1892E. Reeves Homeward Bound 331 Entering the river Thames, we were delighted with the double diorama of ships and green meadows.
attrib.1848Maria Hare in A. J. C. Hare Mem. Quiet L. (1874) II. xvi. 310 Like the gradual change of the diorama views from light to dark.
b. A small-scale representation of a scene, etc., in which three-dimensional figures or objects are displayed in front of a painted background, the whole often being contained in a cabinet and viewed through a window or aperture in the front; hence, any small-scale model of a scene, building-project, or the like; also, a miniature set (set n.1) used in Cinematography and Television where a full-sized set or location would be impracticable.
1902Westm. Gaz. 10 June 3/2 The most interesting feature of the Museum..is the diorama gallery, in which are shown about a dozen large tableaux of battles. 1926Ann. Report Imperial Inst. 33 A certain number of ‘dioramas’ or modelled panoramas have been put in position in various courts. These models are electrically lit and are so placed that the exhibits relating to the particular industry or activity can be grouped around them. 1939Illustr. London News 29 Apr. 715 The ‘Perisphere’, a huge sphere, 200 ft. in diameter, enclosing a diorama of a city of tomorrow. 1959W. S. Sharps Dict. Cinemat. 90/2 Diorama, a small set used in place of a much larger one, usually in order to suggest location or time.
Hence dioˈramist, a proprietor or exhibitor of a diorama.
1834Hood Tylney Hall (1840) 246 Here an indignant dioramist raves at a boggling scene-shifter. |