| 释义 |
styrene Chem.|ˈstaɪəriːn|
[f. styrax + -ene.]
1. A colourless, toxic, aromatic liquid, C6H5·CH:CH2, orig. obtained from the storax tree (hence called styrol or styrolene) and now recovered as a by-product of petroleum. Also called vinylbenzene and phenylethylene.
1885I. Remsen Introd. Study Compounds of Carbon 343 Styrene... This hydrocarbon is contained in liquid storax... It is formed by distilling cinnamic acid with lime. 1926H. G. Rule tr. J. Schmidt's Text-bk. Org. Chem. ii. iii. 331 Styrene, phenyl-ethylene, vinyl-benzene, C6H5·CH:CH2, is the simplest representative of the olefine derivatives [of benzene]. 1947Sun (Baltimore) 17 Apr. 2/5 Styrene was not explosive, Thomas said, but would burn as rapidly as gasoline. 1956Sci. News XLII. 41 Hydrocarbons and low boiling organic compounds..are becoming increasingly important industrially owing to the development of petrochemicals,..which include polythene, styrene and synthetic rubber. 1978J. R. Holum Org. & Biol. Chem. viii. 163 Polystyrene, made from styrene, has phenyl groups on alternate carbons of the main chain.
2. = polystyrene. Also attrib.
1938Encycl. Brit. Bk. of Year 147/1 To the growing family of synthetic resins and plastics, 1937 saw added Styrene, characterized by clarity, low initial colour, and thermoplastic properties. 1969Islander (Victoria, B.C.) 6 July 8/2 Keeping food hot or cold en route is important—a styrene foam chest has exceptional insulating ability. 1972J. Potter Going West 45 Every can was found to have a double bottom. Nuggets of gold lay embedded in white styrene between the two sheets of tin.
3. Special Combs.: styrene-acrylonitrile, the combination of styrene and acrylonitrile, esp. as copolymers in a rubber; usu. attrib.; styrene-butadiene, the combination of styrene and butadiene, esp. as copolymers in a rubber; usu. attrib.; styrene monomer, the monomeric form of styrene; = sense 1; styrene oxide, the toxic epoxide, C6H5·CH—CH2 ; styrene plastic, any or all of the plastic materials that may be made using styrene; styrene resin, any compound formed by the polymerization of styrene.
1957H. R. Simonds Conc. Guide to Plastics ii. 71 A styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is available from Bakelite Co. 1977R. A. Dickie in M. O. W. Richardson Polymer Engin. Composites iii. 177 Results are presented..on several rubber-modified polystyrene and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers.
1958Times Rev. Industry Apr. 51/1 The synthetic S.B.R. (styrene-butadiene rubber) being tough and hard wearing, is good for tire treads. 1978D. R. Paul in Paul & Newman Polymer Blends II. xii. 59 A patent..describes bonding an ethylene-propylenediene terpolymer rubber..to styrene-butadiene rubber..by a graft.
1947I. Thomas Injection Moulding Plastics iii. 168 The base material for polystyrene is styrene monomer. 1971R. D. Deanin in Tobolsky & Mark Polymer Sci. & Materials xiv. 335 These [polyesters] are mixed with about one-half their weight of styrene monomer.
1939Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LXI. 997/2 The reaction of styrene oxide and hydriodic acid results in a primary alcohol. 1979Experientia XXXV. 241/2 The observed differences in the metabolism of styrene oxide can be assigned theoretically to 2 possible factors.
1943D. W. Brown Handbk. Engin. Plastics ii. 27 (heading) Styrene plastics. 1947Brit. Catal. Plastics 51/2 (heading) Methyl methacrylate and styrene plastics.
1937R. S. Morrell Synthetic Resins i. 16 The vinyl and styrene resins are used as lacquers and in nitro-cellulose finishes. 1959E. C. Bernhardt Processing of Thermoplastic Materials iii. 628 (heading) Styrene resins.
Hence ˈstyrenated ppl. a., containing styrene in chemical combination; styreˈnation, the process of chemically adding styrene.
1954Kirk & Othmer Encycl. Chem. Technol. XIII. 146 Styrenated drying oils, and styrenated alkyds as a base for many protective coatings..illustrate still further uses for styrene. Ibid. 177 The rate of the styrenation reaction and the clarity of the product are influenced by the kind and amount of unsaturation present in the oil. 1972H. Warson Applic. Synthetic Resin Emulsions v. 252 It is not readily possible to form a styrenated oil or alkyd in emulsion form directly. Ibid. 253 A maleinized oil is used as the basis for styrenation in the ammoniacal form. |