| 释义 |
▪ I. disarray, n.|dɪsəˈreɪ|
Forms: 4–7 disaray(e, 5 dysaray, 6 disarey, 6– disarray.
[Probably a. OF. *desarei (14th c. desarroy in Littré, mod.F. désarroi), vbl. n. from desareer, desarroyer: see next. The earlier OF. synonym was desrei, desrai, derai, whence Eng. desray, deray, disray, of which disarray may be regarded as a modification.]
1. The condition of being out of array or regular order; disorder, confusion; = deray n. 1, 1 c.
c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋853 (Elles.) As the woman hath the maistrie she maketh to muche desray [MSS. Camb. disray, Harl., Petw., Lansd., Selden disaray(e]. c1477Caxton Jason 31 b, They tourned their back and put hem to flyght and disaraye. c1489― Sonnes of Aymon xv. 354, I wolde not for noo good that rowlande & olivere..sholde fynde vs in dysaray. 1530Palsgr. 214/1 Disarey, out of order, desaroy. 1580C'tess Pembroke Ps. lxviii. 1 His very face shall cast On all his haters flight and disarray. 1664Pepys Diary 27 Mar., So much is this city subject to be put into a disarray upon very small occasions. 1715–20Pope Iliad xiv. 19 Dire disarray! the tumult of the fight. 1835J. P. Kennedy Horse Shoe R. xviii. (1860) 216 Their..weapons lay around in disarray. 1882Shorthouse J. Inglesant II. 181 The wild confused crowd of leaping and struggling figures, in a strange and ghastly disarray.
transf.1818Milman Samor 32 As clouds..Gather their blackening disarray to burst Upon some mountain turret.
2. Imperfect or improper attire; disorderly undress. arch.
1590Spenser F.Q. ii. iv. 4 A wicked Hag..In ragged robes and filthy disaray. 1814Southey Roderick xxv. 215 He who in that disarray Doth..bestride the noble steed. 1857Hawthorne Scarlet Lett. iii, Clad in a strange disarray of civilized and savage costume.
▪ II. disarray, v.|dɪsəˈreɪ|
Also 5–7 disaray.
[f. dis- 6 + array v.: perh. immediately after OF. desareer, -eier (-oyer) to put into disorder (in Godef.), f. des-, dis- 4 + areyer to array. Cf. prec. n. and the synonymous disray.]
1. trans. To throw out of array or order, to put into disorder or confusion; to rout, disorder, disorganize. (Chiefly of military array.)
c1470Henry Wallace ix. 856 All dysarayit the ost was, and agast. 1513Douglas æneis xiii. vi. 32 The cite, quhilk was disarayt and schent. 1600Holland Livy ii. lxiii. 86 At the first skirmish the enemies were disaraied [fusi]. 1641Milton Animadv. (1851) 223 To rout, and disaray the wise and well-coucht order of Saint Pauls owne words. 1650Earl of Monmouth tr. Senault's Man bec. Guilty 205 They rob Gardens without disaraying them. 1660Hickeringill Jamaica (1661) 68 The small Remnant left in Iamaica..will be able to disaray the Spaniards in Hispaniola or Cuba. 1713C'tess of Winchilsea Misc. Poems 244 You Winds! Whilst not the Earth alone, you disarray. a1848R. W. Hamilton Rew. & Punishm. v. (1853) 222 What disarrays like death?
†b. intr. (for refl.) To fall out of array or order, to become disordered. Obs.
1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. ccxxv. 297 If any of our batayls breke, or disaray by any aduenture, drawe thyder and confort them.
2. trans. To strip or spoil of personal array, raiment, or attire; to disrobe.
1483Cath. Angl. 100/2 To Disaray [v.r. Disray or disgise], exornare. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. viii. 46 That witch they disaraid, And robd of roiall robes. 1611Cotgr., Deshabiller, to disarray, vncloth. 1715Rowe Jane Gray v. i, Help to disarray And fit me for the Block. 1814Mrs. J. West Alicia de L. III. 226 Attendant damsels to prepare the bath, to help to disarray her.
b. intr. for refl.
1678Butler Hud. iii. i. 250 I'd hardly time to lay My weapons by, and disarray.
c. trans. To despoil, strip of any adjunct.
1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. Feb. 105 A goodly Oake..With armes full strong..But of their leaves they were disarayde. 1610G. Fletcher Christ's Vict. in Farr S.P. Jas. I (1848) 34 As when a vapour from a moory slough..Doth heaven's bright face of his rayes disarray. 1820Shelley Liberty xix, My song, its pinions disarrayed of might, Drooped. 1852M. Arnold Poems, Empedocles on Etna 11, Ere quite the being of man, ere quite the world Be disarray'd of their divinity.
Hence disaˈrraying vbl. n.
1611Cotgr., Desarrengement, an vnranking, disordering, disarraying. |