| 释义 |
biology|baɪˈɒlədʒɪ|
[mod. f. Gr. βίο-ς life + -λογία discoursing (see -logy); according to Littré invented by the German naturalist Gottfried Reinhold (Treveranus) in his Biologie 1802, and adopted in Fr. by Lamarck in his Hydrologie 1802; it was used in Eng. by Stanfield in 1813, but in a sense directly repr. Gr. βίος (see bio-), and βιολόγος ‘one who represents to the life.’]
†1. The study of human life and character. Obs.
1813J. Stanfield Biography Introd. 12 There exists, what might be called biology, as well as biography.
2. The science of physical life; the division of physical science which deals with organized beings or animals and plants, their morphology, physiology, origin, and distribution; sometimes, in a narrower sense = Physiology; see Rolleston Brit. Assoc. Rep. 1870, ii. 96.
1819Lawrence Lect. Man ii. (1844) 42 A foreign writer has proposed the more accurate term of biology, or science of life. 1847Whewell Philos. Induct. Sc. I. 544 The term Biology..has of late become not uncommon, among good writers. 1880A. Wallace Isl. Life i. i. 9 One of the most difficult and interesting questions in geographical biology—the origin of the fauna and flora of New Zealand.
†3. = ‘electro-biology,’ or ‘animal-magnetism,’ a phase of mesmerism.
1874Carpenter Ment. Phys. (1876) 551 ‘Electro biology,’ or ‘Biology’ (as it came to be very commonly designated)..became a fashionable amusement in some circles, at ordinary evening parties. |