| 释义 |
▪ I. discolour, discolor, v.|dɪsˈkʌlə(r)|
[In senses 1, 2, ad. OF. descolorer, -coulourer, in 11th c. desculurer = Pr. and Sp. descolorar, It. and med.L. discolorare, Romanic deriv. f. des-, dis- (dis- 4) + L. colōrāre to colour, taking the place of L. dēcolōrāre: see de- prefix I. 6, and cf. decolour v. In sense 3, from L. discolor adj.: see discolor.]
1. trans. To alter the proper or natural colour of; esp. to make of a duller, less pleasing, dingy, or unnatural colour; to spoil the colour of, stain, tarnish. (Sometimes spec. To deprive of colour, render pale or faded.)
c1380Sir Ferumb. 1079 Ac ys Fysage al discolourid was, for is blod was gon away. 1382Wyclif Song Sol. i. 5 Wileth not beholden, that I be broun, for discoloured me hath the sunne. 1484Caxton Chivalry 6 By the penaunce that he dayly made he was moche discolourd and lene. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, iii. vi. 171 If we be hindred, We shall your tawnie ground with your red blood Discolour. 1647Clarendon Contempl. Ps. Tracts (1727) 466 Herbs, which..the first frost nips and discolours. 1794Sullivan View Nat. I. 220 The sulphurous acid in the mephitic waters, which have the property of discolouring silver. 1842–5Browning Glove Wks. 1889 V. 42 Does the mark yet discolour my cheek? 1880Geikie Phys. Geog. iv. 289 After heavy rain even the clearest brook has its water discoloured by the earth it is carrying down.
b. fig.
1599Marston Sco. Villanie i. iv. 189 Ingrain'd Habits, died with often dips, Are not so soone discoloured. 1626T. H[awkins] Caussin's Holy Crt. 53 Friuolous employments..discolour the lustre, and honour of your name. a1748Watts (J.), Lest some beloved notion..so prevail over your mind as to discolour all your ideas. 1881Stevenson Virg. Puerisque 16 Some whimsy in the brain..which discoloured all experience to its own shade.
2. intr. (for refl.) To become discoloured or pale; to lose or change colour. (Also fig.)
[1555–1598See below, discolouring.] 1641J. Shute Sarah & Hagar (1649) 29 Those..that, having had good education and great estates left, discolour from the one and dissipate the other. 1654Whitlock Zootomia 187 Such like Imputations, seemingly black and dark, will discolour into Encomiums. 1883Hardwick's Photogr. Chem. (ed. Taylor) 287 This Nitrate of Silver must..be very pure, else the developer will soon discolour.
†3. trans. To render of different colours; to adorn with various colours, to variegate. (Cf. discoloured 3.) Obs.
1656Blount Glossogr., Discolor..to make of divers colours. 1665Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 129 High Towers..leaded in some part, in other part discoloured with gold and blue.
†b. To render different in colour. Obs. rare.
a1661Fuller Worthies (1840) III. 88 Thereby it is discoloured from ox-beef that the buyer be not deceived.
Hence disˈcolouring vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1555Eden Decades 310 These colours..from whyte they go to yelowe by discolourynge to browne and redde. 1598Florio, Scoloramento, a discolouring, a growing pale or sallowe. a1657Lovelace Poems (1864) 161 Not that you feared the discolo'ring cold Might alchymize their silver into gold. 1670J. Smith Eng. Improv. Reviv'd 197 It..clears the..skin from spots and discolourings. 1741Monro Anat. (ed. 3) 291 Swelling, Discolouring, or other Mark of Bruise. 1875tr. Vogel's Chem. Light i. 3 This discolouring effect of light has been long turned to practical use in the bleaching of linen.
▪ II. disˈcolour, disˈcolor, n. Now rare.
[f. dis- 9 + colour n., after discolour v.]
The state of being discoloured; loss or change of colour; discoloration, stain.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. viii. (1495) 868 Soden palenesse and dyscolour is a token of drede. 1664Evelyn Sylva (1776) 459 The jaundice in trees known by the Discolour of the leaves and buds. 1812Examiner 7 Sept. 563/2 The blue tinge of mildew..will only tip with a slight discolour a part of the kernels. 1847Bushnell Chr. Nurt. iv. (1861) 102 No moral discolor. |