| 释义 |
superannuation|ˈs(j)uːpərænjuːˈeɪʃən|
[f. superannuate or prec.: see -ation.]
1. The condition of being superannuated; impairment of the powers or faculties by old age; the state of having outlived one's vigour; senile infirmity or decay. Obs. or rare.
1755Johnson, Superannuation, the state of being disqualified by years. 1772Mrs. Delany Life & Corr. Ser. ii. (1862) I. 449, I feel so old yt its impossible to stir from home. Sorry I am you shd be affected by my superannuation. 1782T. Pownall Treat. Antiq. 54 The mere doating of super⁓annuation. 1824Hogg Conf. Sinner 85 In his last ravings, he uttered some incoherent words... These..were the words of superannuation. 1827Scott Chron. Canongate i, To dribble away life in exchanging bits of painted pasteboard round a green table, for the piddling concern of a few shillings, can only be excused in folly or superannuation.
†b. The condition of being out of date; antiquated or obsolete state or character.
1658Phillips, Superannuation, an out-living, or growing out of date. a1834Coleridge Church & State (1839) 277, I..doubt, whether the superannuation of sundry superstitious fancies be the result of any real diffusion of sound thinking. 1845De Quincey John Foster Wks. 1890 XI. 337 A monk he seemed by..the superannuation of his knowledge.
2. The action of superannuating an official; also, the allowance or pension granted to one who is discharged on account of age.
a1704T. Brown Walk round Lond., Coffee-Houses (1709) 39 Their [sc. the lieutenants'] only hopes were now Half-Pay, or Superanuation. 1820Edin. Rev. XXXIII. 485 Superannuations in the Foreign Office. 1834Act 4 & 5 Will. IV, c. 24 §10 In no Case..shall any Superannuation or Allowance exceeding Two Thirds of the Salary and Emoluments of any such Officer, Clerk, or Person, be granted. 1863P. Barry Dockyard Econ. 3 Buildings..in which wretched labourers wear out soul and body for 13s. weekly and contingent superannuation. 1887Ruskin Præterita II. §92. 163 The superannuation, according to law, in his sixtieth year of Joseph Couttet, the Captain of Mont Blanc.
b. At certain schools, the attainment of the specified age at which a boy is required to leave.
1831W. L. Bowles Life Ken II. Introd. p. xiv, After his superannuation at [Winchester] School, he has another year's grace. 1865Reader 9 Sept. 285/3 Nineteen years..is..the age prescribed by King Henry's Statutes for the superannuation of his scholars [at Eton].
3. attrib. (in sense 2), as superannuation allowance, superannuation fund, superannuation scheme.
1817Jrnl. Ho. Commons LXXII. 276/2 To defray the charge of the Superannuation Allowances or Compensations. 1821in Parl. Papers Eng. (1828) V. 492 That the Individuals who may hereafter enjoy the benefit of Superannuation Allowances, should be called upon to contribute to a Superannuation Fund. 1891Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Oct. 2/3 Recent inquiries into superannuation schemes. 1911Act 1 & 2 Geo. V, c. 55 §25 A superannuation or other provident fund. |