| 释义 |
supplemental, a. (n.)|sʌplɪˈmɛntəl|
Also 7–8 suppli-.
[f. supplement n.1 + -al1.]
a. = supplementary. Const. to, of. Now chiefly U.S.
supplemental air, the air that remains in the lungs after an ordinary expiration: cf. quot. 1855 s.v. supplementary a. b.
1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. ii. §7 Wee speake nowe of parts of Learning supplementall, and not of supererogation. 1629Gaule Holy Madn. 134 Womens Supplimentall Art, does but the rather bewray Natures Defects. 1668Hale Pref. to Rolle's Abridgm. c j b, An Appendix was intended that might have been supplemental of some Titles. 1768Blackstone Comm. iii. xxvii. 448 If new matter arises, which did not exist before, he [sc. the plaintiff] must set it forth by a supplemental bill. 1795Mason Ch. Mus. ii. 153 All those supplemental graces which really serve to assist musical expression. 1866Liddon Bampton Lect. v. (1875) 220 Viewed in its historical relation to the first three Gospels it is supplemental to them. 1866Huxley Physiol. iv. (1869) 104 About as much more in addition to this remains in the chest after an ordinary expiration, and is called Supplemental air. 1872T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (1878) I. 563 Supplemental teeth are occasionally developed in both temporary and permanent sets. 1952Sun (Baltimore) 28 Aug. 1/3 The supplemental defenses of anti-aircraft artillery and infantry posts. 1958Yearbk. Agric. 1957 (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 769/1 Supplemental irrigation,..irrigation during dry periods in regions where normal precipitation supplies most of the moisture for crops. 1966K. Amis in New Statesman 14 Jan. 52/1, I have never before met supplemental for supplementary except as the term for the second-bite-at-the-cherry examination for pass students at the University College of Swansea. 1969D. Acheson Present at Creation (1970) xviii. 159 A supplemental budget estimate was prepared. 1976Amer. N. & Q. XV. 2/1 Supplemental to this special number of AN&Q. 1980Amer. Speech 1976 LI. 202 All of those partial records will be included in the atlas as supplemental evidence.
b. Math.
supplemental angle, either (in relation to the other) of two angles which are together equal to two right angles. supplemental arc, either of two arcs which are together equal to a semicircle. supplemental chord, the chord of a supplemental arc. supplemental triangle, either (in relation to the other) of two spherical triangles in which the angular points of the one are the poles of the sides of the other, and each side of the one is the supplement of the corresponding angle of the other.
1798Hutton Course Math. (1827) I. 315 Let C and D be two angles..standing on the supplemental arc AEB; then will the angle C be equal to the angle D. 1827Airy Trigon. in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) I. 683 Suppose great circles EF, FD, DE..to be described, of which A, B, C are respectively the poles; they will intersect in the points D, E, F, and form a spherical triangle, called the polar or supplemental triangle. 1840Lardner Geom. vii. 78 If a quadrilateral figure be inscribed in a circle, its opposite angles will be supplemental. 1842Penny Cycl. XXIII. 300/1 Chords or arcs of a circle or other curve which have a common extremity, and together subtend an angle of two right angles at the centre, are sometimes called supplemental chords or arcs.
c. n. A supplementary fact, etc. rare.
1670Blount Law Dict. Pref. (1691) (a) ij, In the Supplementals, Bracton, Britton,..and divers other Authors have been my Guides. 1836Southey Lett. (1856) IV. 454 There are three works which I shall want for our supplementals. 1852De Morgan in Graves Life Sir W. R. Hamilton (1889) III. 344 You do not see how I get my supplementals.
Hence suppleˈmentally adv., by way of supplement.
1768Woman of Honor III. 254 Clara, in her turn, or supplementally for her sister, would bless me with her company. 1853G. S. Faber Downfall Turkey 77 The cities of the Medes are only subjoined supplementally.
▸ supplemental jurisdiction n. U.S. Law the discretionary jurisdiction of a court over claims which would not normally fall within its jurisdiction, but which are related to claims within its jurisdiction; spec. = pendent jurisdiction n. at pendent adj. Special uses.
1836J. Story Comm. on Equity Jurispr. I. 92 The subject here naturally divides itself into three great heads, the concurrent, the exclusive, and the auxiliary or *supplemental jurisdiction. 1906Wisconsin Rep. 125211 There still remains an auxiliary or supplemental jurisdiction, to be exercised in exceptional cases, where the jurisdiction of probate courts is confessedly inadequate or has been found insufficient. 1927A. J. Kennedy State & Federal Jurisdict. over Lands held by U.S. within State 64 Chief Justice Bond..sanctions such procedure by giving evidence of it..and arguing from this a necessity of supplemental jurisdiction. 2007Chicago Daily Law Bull. (Nexis) 26 Sept. Andersen..declined to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over claims brought under Illinois law. |