| 释义 |
downfield, adv. and a.
[f. down prep. + field n.]
A. adv. (Stressed downˈfield.)
1. Sport (orig. and chiefly N. Amer.). In or towards the end of the field, usu. that nearest the goal which the team in possession is attacking. Cf. upfield adv. 1.
1922P. D. Haughton Football & how to watch It i. 30 Watch the offensive ends begin their mad rush downfield at the snap of the ball. 1948Cavalier Daily (Univ. of Virginia) 19 Oct. 2/1 The halfbacks, standing wide of the fullback, are in a position to take pitchouts and to speed downfield for passes. 1953Tatum & Giese Coaching Football 69 This intricate fake allows the potential pass receivers to get down field..before the quarterback drops back to pass. 1968G. Sullivan Pro Football's All-Time Greats 192 Wojciechowicz..was the acknowledged master in the art of ‘chugging’, delaying an end in his sprint downfield. 1984J. Lawton All Amer. War Game i. 1 His right arm is..cocked as he peers downfield.
2. Chem. and Physics. In a direction corresponding to lower field strength.
1965Jrnl. Chem. Physics XLII. 636/2 The 205Tl III resonance is shifted slightly downfield, while the 205Tl + resonance is shifted upfield. 1972Nature 31 Mar. 234/2 Its p.m.r. spectrum in D2O ..exhibited a 3-proton methyl triplet at δ 4.14 p.p.m. (J = 1.5 Hz) downfield from sodium 2,2-dimethyl-2-silapentane-5-sulphonate. 1984Greenwood & Earnshaw Chem. of Elements (1986) iii. 63 This will be positive (upfield shift) if the principal symmetry axis of B is towards the H bond, but the effect is presumably small since the overall shift is always downfield.
B. adj. (Stressed ˈdownfield.)
1. Sport (orig. and chiefly N. Amer.). = upfield a. 1; freq. as downfield blocker, downfield blocking (also fig.).
1935News-Week 7 Dec. 28/3 Fans expected that the new ‘slow whistle’ would increase the use of down-field laterals. 1956A. Danzig Hist. Amer. Football xiv. 365/2 The strong point of the team was the good blocking on the part of our downfield blockers. 1963R. M. Smith Pro Football ix. 105 The linemen could then hasten on to provide downfield blocking. 1973Time 13 Aug. 20/1 Throughout the hearings, where precision would help, a file of worn metaphors and similes appears... Ehrlichman considered himself proficient at ‘downfield blocking’. 1986Los Angeles Times 26 Sept. iii. 1/1 The [New York] Giants don't scare you with their downfield speed or their offensive dazzle.
2. Chem. and Physics. Situated or occurring in the direction of lower field strength.
1967Biochemistry VI. 2887/2 In this section we wish only to draw attention to the possibility of an appreciable downfield shift of certain α-hydrogens in right-handed helical regions as a result of electric field effects. 1971Nature 17 Sept. 209/2 Downfield movements of the C19 (14 Hz) and C18 (5 Hz) protons were noted. |