| 释义 |
survivalist rare.|səˈvaɪvəlɪst|
[f. survival + -ist.]
1. One who holds a theory of survival.
1882Goldw. Smith in Pop. Sci. Monthly XX. 776 When you give a man a lower seat at table, the survivalist sees in the act a desire to have the force of gravity on your side. 1893F. W. Maitland in Law Q. Rev. IX. 44 Had the manner in which Coton Field was occupied in 1835 been brought to the notice of some of our ‘survivalists’, they would have pronounced it to be an interesting relic of archaic times. 1968Encycl. Brit. IX. 519/2 The controversy between the diffusionists, who believed culture contacts to be the main explanation of peasant beliefs and customs, and the survivalists, who attributed them to the processes of folk memory and to oral tradition handed down through the ages.
2. One who succeeds in surviving; one who makes a policy of aiming to survive. Also attrib.
1922Glasgow Herald 6 May 9/2 They cannot deprive the London Scot of his reputation as a dancer and his fame as the survivalist of an institution so noteworthy as the Royal Caledonian Ball. 1953O. Caroe Soviet Empire xi. 177 That, however, is what Communists would nowadays call a feudal survivalist deviation. 1978Time 17 Apr. 2/2, I admire politicians... They're the best of the survivalists. 1980Times Lit. Suppl. 25 Apr. 476/2 As historians come to appreciate the strength of ‘survivalist’ Catholicism, so Protestantism seems to be less and less a pre-ordained and natural consummation, England's manifest destiny.
Delete rare and add: 3. One who practises outdoor survival skills, or who trains in the use of combat equipment for survival. Also attrib. or as adj.
1982N.Y. Times 15 Oct. a12/2 Soldier of Fortune is a..militaristic publication packed with vitriol and ordnance... It has..touched a nerve with many Vietnam veterans as well as with survivalists who want to arm themselves to the teeth. 1986Daily Tel. 5 July 23/2 Under present laws, no licence is required to sell or buy the weapons favoured by survivalists, apart from firearms and air guns over a certain strength. 1986Washington Post 21 Sept. a14/1 Investigators also were told that Smith and some of his friends played survivalist war games in a field just across the Medina County line. 1989Combat & Survival Oct. 41/3 (Advt.), This..is a must for any serious survivalist as you just don't know when you will need emergency lighting. |