| 释义 |
▪ I. dungeon, n.|ˈdʌndʒən|
Forms: α. 4–5 dongeoun, -goun, -gon, -gen, -gyn, doun-, dungoun, Sc. dwngeoune, -geown, downgeowne, 4–6 dongeon, dungion, 5–6 doungeon, -gen, 6 dongion, -gyon, 4– dungeon. β. 4–9 Donjon (4 dunjon, 4–5 donjoun(e, 9 donjeon).
[a. F. donjon (12th c. in Littré), in OF. also danjon, dangon = Pr. donjon, dompnhon:—late L. domniōn-em in same sense, f. domnus (for dominus) lord; thus essentially a doublet of dominion.]
1. The great tower or keep of a castle, situated in the innermost court or bailey. (To this the archaic spelling donjon is now usually appropriated.)
α1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 224 Bath the castell and the dwngeoune. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 937 Dido, The noble tour of Ylion That of the citee was the cheef dungeon. c1430Lydg. Bochas i. iii. (1544) 6 a, A thousand arblastes, bent in his doungeoun. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon i. 23 Lohier..mounted vp vnto the dongeon of the castell. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 288 Come on Sirs, ye shal enter into the Dungeon, for then shall ye be sure to be Lordes of the Castell. 1705Lond. Gaz. No. 4164/3 The Governor..retired into the Dungeon, which is a small Fort within the great one. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian vii, The keep or dungeon of the ancient fort.
βa1300Cursor M. 9926 Þe thrid [colur]..castes lem ouer al sa bright, þat reches to þe dunjon light. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 121 Steuen..did reise in þat coste a stalworth donjon. 1475Bk. Noblesse 12 The castelle and donjoune held still. 1678tr. Gaya's Art of War ii. 116 Donjon, a place of Retreat in a Town or Place, to capitulate in with greater security in case of Extremity. 1691Lond. Gaz. No. 2727/2 After this we fixed our Miners to the Donjon or Tower within the Castle. 1813Scott Trierm. ii. x, Nor tower nor donjon could he spy. 1894Baring-Gould Deserts S. France II. xvi. 38 A cylindrical donjon, with ancient buildings grouped about it.
b. More fully, donjon- (dungeon-) keep, dungeon-tower.
1808Scott Marm. i. i, The battled towers, the Donjon keep. 1813― Rokeby ii. ii, By Brackenbury's dungeon-tower. 1849James Woodman xi. 1855Motley Dutch Rep. vi. iii. (1866) 828 It was in the donjon keep of the castle.
c. Arch. (See quot.)
1823Crabb Technol. Dict., Donjon (Archit.), a small wooden pavilion raised above the roof of the house, where anyone may command a fine view.
2. A strong close cell; a dark subterranean place of confinement; a deep dark vault.
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 1186 So wel is me in þys doel doungoun. 13..Coer de L. 728 That thou dwelle in a fowle dongon. c1325Body & Soul 471 in Map's Poems (Camden) 345 The eorthe closede hit self aȝeyn, And the dungoun was for-dit. 1512Act 4 Hen. VIII, c. 8 Preamb., The said Richard was taken and imprisoned in a doungen and a depe pytt under grounde. 1604Shakes. Oth. iii. iii. 271, I had rather be a Toad, And liue vpon the vapour of a Dungeon. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 317 The King of Heav'n hath doom'd This place our dungeon. 1713Berkeley Guardian No. 39. ⁋3 Beneath the castle I could discern vast dungeons. 1871Morley Voltaire (1886) 7 When the fortunes of the fight do not hurry the combatant to dungeon or stake.
3. transf. and fig.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 2835 ‘In helle’, he says, ‘es na raunceon’. For na helpe may be in þat dungeon. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems 251 (Mätz.) That worldly waves with there mortal deluge Ne drowne me nat in ther dreedful dongoun. 1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. Col. 2 In the deepe doungeon of ignorance. 1671Milton Samson 156 Thou art become..The dungeon of thyself. 1832G. R. Porter Porcelain & Gl. 68 Palissy..confined within the dungeon of his own breast, those feelings of bitterness. 1871R. Ellis Catullus lxviii. 102 Strangely the land's last verge holds him, a dungeon of earth.
†b. A habitation, mansion: also fig. Obs.
1430–40Lydg. Bochas viii. xxiv. (1554) 194 b, Up to the rich sterry bright dongeon..Called Arthurs constellacion. ― Lyke thyn Audience etc. in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1866) 25 Dyogenes lay in a smalle dongeon, In sondre wedyrs which turnyd as a balle. 1443― Prospect Peace in Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 211 Briht was the sterre ovir the dongoun moost, Wher the hevenly queen lay poorly in jesyne.
c. Applied to a person of profound learning or wisdom: = ‘deep mine or receptacle.’ (Sc. and north. dial.)
1773in Boswell Jrnl. Tour Hebrides 22 Oct., Lady Lochbury said, ‘he was a dungeon of wit’. 1832–53Whistle-binkie (Sc. Songs) Ser. iii. 81 Although he's a dungeon o' Latin and Greek. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss. s.v. Dungeonable, ‘He's a dungeon o' wit’, very shrewd. Mod. Sc. He is a perfect dungeon of learning.
4. attrib. and Comb.: Of or belonging to a dungeon, as dungeon-bolt, dungeon-cell, dungeon-door, dungeon-floor, dungeon-fortress, dungeon-gate, dungeon-vault, etc.; dungeon-keep, -tower (see 1 b). Also dungeon-like adj.
1813Scott Rokeby iv. xxii, A fearful vision..Of *dungeon-bolts and fetters worn.
1814― Ld. of Isles iii. iv, From lowest *dungeon cell To highest tower.
a1743Savage Wks. (1775) II. 107 (Jod.) Where *dungeon damps arise Diseas'd he pines.
c1440J. Capgrave Life St. Kath. v. 720 The gayleris were sore afrayde of certeyn light at the *dongeon-doore.
1645Milton Tetrach. Wks. (1847) 183/2 This is that grisly porter, who..claps the *dungeon-gate upon them.
1864A. McKay Hist. Kilmarnock 98 Above were two *dungeon-like apartments.
1856W. E. Aytoun Bothwell (1857) 2 They riot o'er my *dungeon-vault.
1810Montgomery Poems, Old Man's Song viii, To burst these *dungeon-walls of clay.
Hence ˈdungeonable a. (north. dial.), ‘deep’, shrewd, knowing (cf. 3 c). ˈdungeonly, ˈdungeony a., dungeon-like.
1593Nashe Christ's T. (1613) 42 None but the God of heauen may..returne Conquerour from that dungeonly Kingdome. 1674–91Ray N.C. Words 22 A Dungeonable Body; a shrewd person, or, as the vulgar express it, a divelish Fellow. 1823in Life of Dean Hook I. 360 Unaired dungeony rooms of a bachelor's house. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Dungeonable, deep, knowing.
▸ A room or building used for sado-masochistic sexual activity.
In quot. 1974: such a room furnished to resemble a medieval dungeon.
1974Los Angeles Free Press 14 June (Classified section) l/2 See an actual dominant session in our medieval dungeon upon a male subject by two primier dominatrix [sic]. 1984Social Probl. 31 384 Some scenes made use of fully equipped dungeons and torture chambers at clubs or in a participant's home or apartment. 1997Village Voice 12 Aug. 8/3 A dominatrix working in a dungeon usually makes about $80 a session. 2005N. Barham Dis/Connected 187 When you're hanging out in a fetish scene and you know most of the people who work there, it's a bit funny to be down in the dungeon, playing, getting on with whatever and then one of your friends walk [sic] past.
▪ II. dungeon, v.|ˈdʌndʒən|
[f. prec. n.]
trans. To put or keep in a dungeon or cell; to imprison; to shut up in, or as in, a dungeon.
1615T. Adams Blacke Devill 76 If he once recovers him into his prison he will dungeon him. 1645Bp. Hall Remedy Discontents 124 Are we dungeon'd up from the sight of the Sun? 1819Shelley Cenci ii. i, You said nothing Of how I might be dungeoned like a madman. 1884Tennyson Becket v. ii. 193 They..Kill'd half the crew, dungeon'd the other half In Pevensey Castle.
Hence ˈdungeoned ppl. a., ˈdungeoning vbl. n. and ppl. a.; also ˈdungeoner, one who or that which dungeons.
1633T. Adams Exp. 2 Peter ii. 4 The prisoner that is allowed to walk abroad, though with his keeper, is not so miserable as the dungeoned. 1795Southey Vis. Maid of Orleans i. 30 A dungeon'd wretch. 1820Examiner No. 650. 620/1 The dungeonings and ironings of Reformers. a1821Keats Lines to Fanny 33 That most hateful land, Dungeoner of my friends. |