| 释义 |
▪ I. † ˈswindling, vbl. n.1 Obs. rare.
In 6 swyndelynge.
[ad. G. schwindelung (OHG. suintilunga, MHG. swindelunge), f. schwindel swindle n.2, schwindeln vb., formations on Teut. swind- (see swind v.).]
Swimming in the head, dizziness, giddiness.
1527Andrew Brunswyke's Distyll. Waters K iv b, [It] is good agaynste the swyndelynge in the hede.
▪ II. swindling, vbl. n.2|ˈswɪndlɪŋ|
[f. swindle v.2 + -ing1.]
The action of swindle v.2; the practice of a swindler; fraud or imposition for purposes of gain; systematic cheating.
1788Gentl. Mag. LVIII. 1154/2 As swindling is a word that occurs not in our dictionaries, and yet we often meet with it in modern writers.., we should be obliged to any gentleman among your correspondents.., to define it; or..inform us what..distinguishes it from other modes of fraud and imposition. 1792H. Walpole Let. to W. Beloe 24 Sept., A deep laid plan of political swindling. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xviii. IV. 177 He seems not to have taken up the trade of a false witness till he could no longer support himself by begging or swindling. 1869Adam Smith's W.N. I. ii. ii. 326 note, Free trade in banking, it has been wisely and wittily said, is free trade in swindling.
▪ III. ˈswindling, ppl. a.
[f. swindle v.2 + -ing2. Cf. prec.]
1. That swindles; acting or dealing fraudulently.
1795Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) I. Pref. p. xv, Ignorant or swindling dealers at Naples. 1809J. Adams Wks. (1854) IX. 610 Our medium is depreciated by the multitude of swindling banks. 1877Black Green Past. xiv, The swindling old heathen.
2. Of acts, etc.: Involving a swindle, fraudulent.
1809Malkin Gil Blas vii. xii. ⁋11 He declared his..abhorrence of becoming a party..in a mere swindling trick. 1879Geo. Eliot Theo. Such xvi. 283 Since his name for virtue served as an effective part of a swindling apparatus.
Hence ˈswindlingly adv.
1887H. W. Daly Digging & Squatting xvi. 171 The break⁓up of many of the more swindlingly formed enterprises naturally ensued. |