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‖ Hecate|ˈhɛkətiː|
Also 5 Ecate, Echate, 7 Hecat, Heccat.
[a. Gr. Ἑκάτη, fem. of ἕκατος far-darting, an epithet of Apollo. (Always disyllabic, like Fr. Hécate, in Shakes., exc. in one passage (see 1 d); so also once in Milton.)]
1. In ancient Greek mythology, a goddess, said to be of Thracian origin, daughter of Perses and Asteria; in later times more or less identified with several others, esp. with Artemis, and thus
b. with the moon; also, with Persephone the goddess of the infernal regions, and hence
c. regarded as presiding over witchcraft and magical rites.
a.1638F. Junius Paint. of Ancients 133 Theagenes..was wont to consult an image of Hecate, which he had ever about him. Ibid. 165 Statues of Diana or Hecate, set up at the meeting of three severall ways.
b.c1420Pallad. on Husb. xi. 253 But let not Ecate this craft espie [marg. luna].
c.1573G. Harvey Letter-bk. (Camden) 141 Yet had I rather serve Hecate then any sutch. 1590Shakes. Mids. N. v. i. 391 And we Fairies, that do runne, By the triple Hecates teame, From the presence of the Sunne. 1605― Lear i. i. 112 The miseries of Heccat and the night. 1605― Macb. iii. v. 1 Enter the three Witches, meeting Hecat. 1. Why how now Hecat, you looke angerly? 1634Milton Comus 135 Stay thy cloudy ebon chair, Wherein thou ridest with Hecat', and befriend Us thy vowed priests. Ibid. 535 Doing abhorred rites to Hecate In their obscured haunts.
d. transf. Applied vituperatively to a woman: = Hag, witch.
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, iii. ii. 64, I speake not to that rayling Hecate, But vnto thee Alanson, and the rest. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 169 An old Tartarian Hecate my servant. 1753Smollett Ct. Fathom xxi. (1817) IV. 100 (Stanf.) This declaration had its effect upon the withered Hecate.
e. Hecate supper (Gr. Ἑκάτης δεῖπνον), a meal set out by rich persons at the foot of the statue of Hecate on the thirtieth of each month, which became a kind of dole for beggars and paupers, in later times of offal or miserable food (Liddell and Scott).
1820W. Tooke tr. Lucian I. 429 Lupines, and a Hecate-supper.
2. Astr. Name of the 100th asteroid, discovered in 1868.
Hence Hecaˈtæan [Gr. ἑκαταῖ-ος: see -an], Heˈcatic [see -ic], ˈHecatine [see -ine] adjs., belonging to Hecate, magical.
1635Quarles Embl. ii. ix, 'Twas neither Hecatæan spite, Nor charm below, nor pow'r above. 1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. 293 From that Operation about the Hecatine Circle. 1792T. Taylor Proclus I. 24 note, Nicephorus..informs us, that the hecatic orb is a golden sphere [etc.]. |