| 释义 |
education|ɛdjuːˈkeɪʃən|
[ad. L. ēducātiōn-em, f. ēducāre; see educate v. and -tion.]
†1. The process of nourishing or rearing a child or young person, an animal. Obs.
1540T. Raynalde Birth Mankynde C iij, The education..of infantes at this tyme [1 year old]. 1542Boorde Dyetary xvi. (1870) 271 Beefe..doth make an Englysshe man stronge, the educacion of hym with it consyderyd. 1651Wittie tr. Primrose's Pop. Err. 185 The people doe erre much about the education of children..I have seen some frequently give to their children..strong Beere. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 72 They [harts] delight in woods, and places of their first education.
b. spec. [after Fr.] The rearing of silkworms; concr., a number of silkworms reared at one time.
1888E. A. Butler Silkworms 56 For large ‘educations’ a room is fitted with shelves.
2. The process of ‘bringing up’ (young persons); the manner in which a person has been ‘brought up’; with reference to social station, kind of manners and habits acquired, calling or employment prepared for, etc. Obs. exc. with notion of 3.
1531Elyot Gov. i. ii. (1883) I. 24 In the fyrste [volume] shall be comprehended the beste forme of education or bringing up of noble children. 1593Hooker Eccl. Pol. i. vi, Education and instruction are the meanes..to make our naturall faculty of reason..better. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. Induct. ii. 20, I Christopher Slie..by education a Cardmaker. 1624Capt. Smith Virginia i. 10 Their..handy crafts, and educations, are much like them in that part of Virginia we now inhabite. 1644Milton Educ. Wks. (1847) 99/2 A complete and generous education..fits a man to perform..all the offices..of peace and war.
fig.1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. vii. (1703) II. 206 He Begot many opinions, and motions, the Education whereof he committed to other Men.
3. The systematic instruction, schooling or training given to the young in preparation for the work of life; by extension, similar instruction or training obtained in adult age. Also, the whole course of scholastic instruction which a person has received. Often with limiting words denoting the nature or the predominant subject of the instruction or kind of life for which it prepares, as classical education, legal education, medical education, technical education, commercial education, art education.
1616Brinsley Lud. Lit. 10 It much concerneth every parent to see their children to have the best education and instruction. 1670R. Coke Disc. Trade 71 Education in Geometry and Numbers. 1748Gray Comment Educ. & Govt. Wks. 1836 I. 152 The principal drift of education should be to make men think in the northern climates, and act in the southern. 1795Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 299 If you consent to put your clerical education, or any other part of your education, under their direction or control. 1801Strutt Sports & Past. i. i. 3 As early as the ninth century..hunting constituted an essential part of the education of a young nobleman. 1809Syd. Smith Wks. (1859) I. 183/2 Education gives fecundity of thought..quickness, vigour, fancy, words, images, and illustrations. 1812J. Henry Camp. agst. Quebec 123 Many of our sergeants were, with good educations, substantial freeholders in our own country. 1862Sir B. Brodie Psychol. Inq. II. ii. 73 Hours of relaxation truly [are] as necessary a part of education as hours of study.
b. The training of animals.
1538Starkey England 189 Theyr haukys and theyr houndys, of whose educatyon they have grete care. 1618Latham 2nd Bk. Falconry (1633) 147 By which means with her naturall education together, she wil be as perfect in knowledge of the countrey, as the wilde Haggard her naturall damme that bred her.
c. fig.
1832H. Martineau Ireland iii. 52 There is another kind of education always going forwards..the education of circumstances. 1860Temple in Essays & Reviews 1 The education of the world.
4. [From sense 3, influenced by sense 2 and sometimes by the quasi-etymological notion ‘drawing out’.] Culture or development of powers, formation of character, as contrasted with the imparting of mere knowledge or skill. Often with limiting word, as intellectual, moral, physical.
1860Mill Repr. Govt. (1865) 66/2 Among the foremost benefits of free government is that education of the intelligence and of the sentiments. 1868Rogers Pol. Econ. x. (ed. 3) 116 It confounds education with the knowledge of facts, whereas it really is the possession of method. 1871Figure Training 37 The..training and education of the figure. 1872Morley Voltaire (1886) 45 The Jesuits' devotion to intellectual education. 1875H. E. Manning Mission H. Ghost xiii. 377 Education is the formation of the whole man—intellect..character, mind, and soul.
5. attrib. and Comb.
1662Glanvill Lux Orient. (1682) Pref. 22 These prepossest discerners presently conclude everything that is..of another stamp from their Education-receptions, false and ridiculous. 1794Mathias Purs. Lit. (1798) 218 The unfortunate Education Sermon, which Bishop Hurd happened to dislike. 1824Miss Mitford Village i. (1863) 151 The young ladies..who..had trodden the education-mill till they..had lost sense in sound, and ideas in words. 1858Holland Titcomb's Lett. i. 17 The Education Society, and kindred organizations. 1872Ruskin Fors Clav. II. xvii. 5 Listen to this, you cheap education-mongers. |