| 释义 |
elevator|ˈɛlɪveɪtə(r)|
[a. L. ēlevātor, f. ēlevā-re to elevate.]
One who or that which elevates.
1. Anat.
a. A muscle which raises or moves a limb or an organ.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. iv. vii. 196 Being destitute of any motion, they conferre no reliefe unto the Agents or Elevators. 1746Parsons Human Phys. i. 17 The Elevator arises tendinous and fleshy from the Edge of the Foramen lacerum. 1748Hartley Observ. Man i. ii. §1. 148 The Elevators of the lower Jaw. 1870Rolleston Anim. Life 13 The main elevator of the humerus and the wing.
b. In insects, one of the two flat joints of the maxillary or labial feelers.
1826Kirby & Spence Entomol. III. 448 Thus in the hive bee and the humble bee the labials including the two flat joints or elevators have four joints.
2. Surg. ‘An instrument for raising any depressed portions of bone, particularly of the skull. Also, an instrument used in Dentistry for the removal of stumps of teeth’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.).
3. a. A machine used for raising corn or flour to an upper storey. b. U.S. A large building (containing one or more of these machines) used for the storage of grain. c. A machine used for raising hay or straw to the top of the stack. Also, an appendage to a thrashing machine. d. chiefly N. Amer. A lift, hoist, ascending chamber. Also attrib.
1787in Rep. Comm. Pat. 1848 (U.S.) (1849) 574 One of which [machines], denominated by the said Oliver Evans an elevator, is calculated by its own motion to hoist the wheat or grain from the lower floor..to the upper loft of such mill. 1799I. Weld Trav. N. Amer. iii. 21 The elevators are inclosed in square wooden tubes. 1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mech. 100 These elevators consist of a chain of buckets, or concave vessels..fixed at proper distances upon a leathern band, which goes round two wheels. 1853Harper's Mag. VII. 130/2 The introduction of a steam elevator, by which an indolent, or fatigued, or aristocratic person may..be borne up..to the third, fourth, or fifth floor. 1862Trollope N. Amer. I. 248 An elevator is as ugly a monster as has been yet produced. 1862J. Wilson Farming 161 A larger set of elevators is usually employed to carry up the roughs to the feeding board [in a thrashing machine]. 1872M. E. Holley Betsy Bobbet (1891) 295 She spoke up and says she, ‘Here is the elevater, be carried up.’ 1879Chicago Tribune 8 May 8/4 As is the custom with elevator-boys— a reprehensible one it is too—the lad in charge of the elevator started it before closing the door. 1879Jefferies Wild Life in S.C. 114 The new-fangled elevator carries up the hay by machinery from the waggon to the top. 1883Harper's Mag. Jan. 275/1 He did not trust the elevator, but almost flew down the stairs. 1884Howells ibid. Dec. 118/1 The Elevator boy, pulling at the rope [says] ‘We're not there yet’. 1884Lisbon (Dakota) Star 10 Oct., A. H. Laughlin..has bought the store building..near the elevator. 1885Century Mag. XXX. 579/1 With staircases and elevator-shafts which must remain open, [etc.]. 1887Contemp. Rev. May 699 Extensive elevator Companies. 1890Congress. Rec. 8123/2 On this list there are firemen, watchmen, elevator men. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 129/1 A..plunger, which..carries the elevator-cage on its upper end. Ibid. 130/2 The walls..of the elevator shaft. 1945Chicago Tribune 26 Jan. 27/1 (Advt.), Elevator operator for office building. 1947Auden Age of Anxiety (1948) ii. 47 When elevators raise blondes aloft to bachelor suites.
4. Aeronautics.
a. An elevating screw.
b. A control surface of an aeroplane (now always on the tailplane) used to change its angle of pitch.
1871English Mechanic 27 Jan. 448/2 The side elevators would not only raise but poise the car. 1910R. Ferris How it Flies v. 83 The large elevator planes in front have been a distinctive feature of the Wright machine. Ibid. xx. 460 Elevator, a shorter name for the elevating planes or elevating rudder, used for directing the aeroplane upward or downward. 1911Reports & Mem. (Adv. Comm. Aeronaut.) No. 59, 103 The most convenient arrangement of controls of elevator..might be investigated. 1915G. Bacon All about Flying 3 In monoplanes, of course, the elevator has always been in the tail. 1934J. A. Sinclair Airships in Peace & War iv. 84, I had remained inside the control car with only the elevator-man and we both left the ship [sc. a zeppelin]. 1969Listener 1 May 596/1 An elevator bracket broke.
5. Elevators, a proprietary name for a make of shoe with a raised insole intended to make the wearer appear taller. Also (now generically) elevator shoe. U.S.
1940Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Off.) 5 Mar. 28/1 Stone-Tarlow Co., Inc., Brockton, Mass... Elevators. For leather shoes. Claims use since Dec. 13, 1939. 1953Wodehouse Performing Flea 165 Some are wearing elevator shoes. 1969Wall St. Jrnl. 30 Sept. 1/1 He used to wear elevator shoes to increase his height. 1976W. Allen Without Feathers 10 His..elevator shoes, curiously enough, made him two inches shorter. 1984New Yorker 9 Apr. 76/1 There are a lot of midgets in politics who run around in elevator shoes.
▸ elevator music n. orig. U.S. recorded music played in elevators; (in extended use) any kind of bland, unobtrusive music; = lift music n. at lift n.2 Additions.
1963Lima (Ohio) News 13 Mar. 14/7 ‘*Elevator music’, ‘airplane music’ and ‘factory music’ are all pretty monstrous. 1976N.Y. Times 4 July xxi. 15/1 Waitresses sport Colonial miniskirts and there is overamplified elevator music in the dining room. 2004Independent (Tabloid ed.) 24 Mar. (Review section) 15 (heading) Polluting the pop charts with unchallenging elevator music. |