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tanist Anc. Irish and Gaelic Law.|ˈtænɪst|
Also 6 taniste, tanistih, tanest, taynist, 9 tanaist; cf. tanister.
[ad. Irish and Gael. tánaiste, OIr. tanaise, -aiste, anything parallel or second to another; the next heir to an estate.]
The successor apparent to a Celtic chief, usually the most vigorous adult of his kin, elected during the lifetime of the chief: see tanistry.
1538St. Papers Hen. VIII, III. 56 Murghe Obreene, the said Obrenes broder, being the tanest, or successour to Obreene. 1543Ibid. 481 He have restored this berer, his eldist brother, to the office or rombe of Taniste. 1596Spenser State Irel. Wks. (Globe) 612/1 The Tanistih hath also a share of the countrey allotted unto him. 1646J. Temple Irish Rebell. 9 note, In every Irish country there was a Lord or Chieftain, and a Tanist, who was his successor apparent... He that was most active, of greatest power, and had most followers, alwayes caused himself to be chosen Tanist. 1761–2Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) III. xlvi. 690 The chieftains and the tanists, though drawn from the principal families, were not hereditary, but were established by election, or, more properly speaking, by force and violence. 1813Scott Rokeby iv. vi, The Tanist he to great O'Neale. 1861Pearson Early & Mid. Ages Eng. xxx. 373 Any one of the reigning family might succeed the chief. The heir-apparent was nominated by election among the tribe in the chief's lifetime, and called ‘tanist’.
b. Comb., as tanist-abbot (see quot.); tanist-stone, a name given to some large monoliths, popularly supposed to mark the spot where tanists were formerly elected.
a1627C. Mageoghegan tr. Ann. Clonmacnois 147 He was called in Irish tanaise abbaid, tanist [lit. second] of the abbot, or seenab [= secundus abbas], in anglo-irish, tanist-abbot. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. (1863) I. v. 140 The Tanist-Stones, where the new chief or king was elected. 1885Blackw. Mag. July 116/1 The Scotland, Tanist stones..have been frequently found.
Hence ˈtanistship, the office or dignity of a tanist. So taˈnistic a., of, pertaining to, or proceeding by the system of tanistry.
1585in Hardiman O'Flaherty's Iar-Connaught (1846) 313 That the..titles of captayneships, taynistships..be utterlie abollyshed. 1590Sir J. Perrot in Carew MSS. (1869) 28 The captainries and tanistships. 1881Athenæum 29 Jan. 157/3 The ancient earldoms were not partible, and the succession was tanistic. |