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单词 tarragon
释义 tarragon|ˈtærəgən|
Also (6–8 tarchon), 6–9 taragon.
[Given in 1538–48 as the English for med.L. tragonia and tarchon: cf. 16th c. F. targon (Rabelais, Cotgr. 1611), It. taracone, tarcone (Florio 1598, 1611), Sp. taragontia, -goncia (Matthioli 16th c., Percival, Minsheu). Tarchon appears in the Latin version of Symeon Sethus De Cibariis (Basle 1538), repr. Byzantine Gr. ταρχών. Sethus compiled from Arab sources, and his ταρχών represented Arab. ṭarkhōn (in Ibn Beithar, Avicenna, Razi), altarcon in Gerard of Cremona, a 1187; according to Arabic lexicographers a foreign word: some think ad. Gr. δράκων (Devic), by an early association, similar to what is found in the 16th c., with the Gr. δρακόντιον, -οντία (Hippocr., Diosc.), the name of Arum Dracunculus.
The two plants were included by Matthioli, 1565, under Δρακοντία, Dracunculus, the Tarragon being distinguished as Hortensis Dracunculus; he also gives, as including both, It. dragontéa, Sp. taragontia, F. serpentine, all originally names of Arum Dracunculus. This association is commemorated in the botanical names Artemisia Dracunculus and Arum Dracunculus (now Dracunculus vulgaris), as well as in 16–17th c. applications of the name dragon, dragons. The 16th c. herbalists' L. Tragonia, and the Sp. estragon, Pg. estragão, F. estragon, are all derived from tragon, targon, tarchon; the 16th c. Sp. taragoncia and mod.Sp. taragona show the nearest relationship to the Eng. name.]
1. A plant, Artemisia Dracunculus, N.O. Compositæ, of the wormwood genus, a native of Southern Russia and Eastern Europe, the aromatic leaves of which are used to flavour salads, soups, etc.
1538Elyot, Tragonia, an herbe nowe callid Taragon, late sene in this realme, whiche hath a tast like gynger.1548Turner Names of Herbs, Tarchon..is called wyth vs Tarragon.1579Langham Gard. Health (1633) 630 Tarragon is good in Sallads with Lettuse as Rocket is.1693Evelyn De la Quint. Compl. Gard. II. 202 Tarragon is one of the perfuming or Spicy Furnitures of our Sallets.1706Phillips (ed. 6), Tarchon, Taracon, or Garden-Dragon, an Herb.1767Abercrombie Ev. Man his own Gard. (1803) 668/1 Tarragon: fine flavoured aromatic plant, to improve the flavour of soups and sallads.1882Garden 21 Jan. 50/1 Keep up good supplies of Tarragon and small salads.
2. Sometimes applied (by confusion of names) to the Garden Dragon, Dracunculus vulgaris, N.O. Araceæ, or the Green Dragon, Arisæma Dracontium, N.O. Orontiaceæ: see dragons. Obs.
1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Taragontia, taragon, Draguntea.1598Florio, Taracone,..the hearbe Taragon or garden Dragon.
3. attrib., as tarragon leaf; tarragon vinegar, vinegar flavoured with the leaves or oil of tarragon.
1845E. Acton Mod. Cookery v. 163 Tarragon vinegar... Gather the tarragon late in July,..put it into small stone jars..pour in..vinegar to cover.1855Delamer Kitch. Gard. (1861) 138 Tarragon vinegar, pickled tarragon leaves, and sometimes the fresh green leaves in salad, are..powerful agents in the hands of a skilful and judicious cook.1883W. Williams in Knowledge 20 July 35/2 Stock broth, tarragon vinegar, ketchup, &c.
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