| 释义 |
engraft, ingraft, v.|ɛn-, ɪnˈgrɑːft, -græft|
In 7 pa. pple. engraften.
[f. en-1, in- + graft.]
1. trans. To graft in; to insert (a scion of one tree) as a graft into or upon (another). Also absol.
a1677Barrow Serm. III. xxiii. (R.), Upon the wildest stock divine husbandry can engraft most excellent fruit. 1701Cunningham in Phil. Trans. XXIII. 1206 When they ingraft, they do not slit the Stock as we do, but cut a small slice off the outside of the Stock. 1732Berkeley Alciphr. i. §14 If upon a plum-tree peaches and apricots are engrafted. 1797Holcroft tr. Stolberg's Trav. (ed. 2) II. lx. 367 Trees..which, by engrafting, bear two kinds of fruit. 1816J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art II. 640 Pear-trees are propagated by engrafting..upon free stocks.
b. transf. To set firmly in.
1793Smeaton Edystone L. §83 The foundation stones of every course were engrafted into, or rather rooted in the rock. Ibid. §245 A socket, whereby the courses would have been mutually engrafted.
2. fig. (Often with express reference to a metaphorical ‘tree’, ‘stock’, etc.)
a. To implant (virtues, dispositions, sentiments) in the mind; to incorporate (a thing) into a previously existing system or unity, (an alien) into a race or community; and the like.
b. Const. on, upon: To super-add (something adventitious) to something already existing which serves as a basis.
†c. Comm. To add to the stock of a trading company (cf. engraftment 3).
a.1585Abp. Sandys Serm. (1841) 114 This word..would root out vice and ingraft virtue. 1633Earl of Manchester Al Mondo (1636) 203 This ardent Love engrafting me into God by her uniting vertue. 1634T. Johnson tr. Parey's Chirurg. xxiv. ii. (1678) 538 Lest that their sad..and pensive cogitations, should be..engraften in the issue. 1635Swan Spec. M. v. §2. (1643) 161 Finding that some false tenets were engrafted amongst the ignorant. 1642Rogers Naaman Ep. Ded. 3 Yet God hath ingrafted your Honour into another stocke. 1643Milton Divorce ii. iii. (1851) 70 This cannot be lesse then to ingraft sin into the substance of the law. 1737Whiston Josephus' Antiq. xvii. xii. §1 A certain young man..ingrafted himself into the kindred of Herod by the resemblance of his countenance. a1754Fielding Remedy Afflict. Wks. 1775 IX. 247 Acquiring solid lasting habits of virtue, and ingrafting them into our character.
b.1667Milton P.L. xi. 35 All his works on mee Good or not good ingraft, my Merit those Shall perfet, and for these my Death shall pay. 1736Berkeley App. Querist ii. §106 It may..be fatal to engraft trade on a national bank. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. Wks. V. 232 You can..ingraft any description of republick on a monarchy. 1800Dundas in J. Owen Wellesley's Disp. 563 The addition made to your European infantry..being engrafted on old disciplined well seasoned regiments. 1827J. Powell Devises (ed. 3) II. 245 An executory limitation [is] engrafted on an alternate contingent remainder in fee on another. 1839Alison Hist. Europe (1849–50) I. Introd. §18 On the decayed stock of urban liberty they ingrafted the vigorous shoots of pastoral freedom. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 524 A bill of pains and penalties..should be..engrafted on the Bill of Indemnity. 1881Grant Cameronians I. i. 14 It had been added to, or engrafted on, the tall, old, square baronial tower.
c.1697Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) IV. 164 Whether they would admit talleys and their own notes to be engrafted upon their stock.
3. To graft (a tree), to furnish with a graft.
1794Martyn Rousseau's Bot. vii. 73 Fruit-trees are somewhat in the same case, by being ingrafted.
†b. To introduce small-pox virus into (a person's system); = inoculate. Obs.
1717Lady M. W. Montague Lett. (1887) I. 228 The boy was engrafted last Tuesday..I cannot engraft the girl. |