| 释义 |
▪ I. eviscerate, ppl. a.|ɪˈvɪsərət|
[ad. L. ēviscerāt-us, pa. pple. of ēviscerāre: see next.]
Drawn from the bowels (of the earth).
1830W. Phillips Mt. Sinai iv. 352 Lay blocks of sapphire shapeless, out of earth As fresh eviscerate.
▪ II. eviscerate, v.|ɪˈvɪsəreɪt|
[f. L. ēviscerāt- ppl. stem of ēviscerāre (= sense 1), f. ē- out + viscer-a (pl. of viscus) the internal organs, viscera.]
1. trans. To take out the internal organs or entrails of; to disembowel; to gut. Also absol.
1623in Cockeram. 1651R. Wittie tr. Primrose's Pop. Err. iv. xxxvi. 353 They are taken out of creatures that are slain and eviscerated. 1846[see evirate v.]. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. xii. 127 He was first harpooned, then eviscerated. 1862Macm. Mag. Oct. 511 The weird-like gutters eviscerate in desperation, as basketful after basketful is poured into the gutting-trough. 1862Alcock Capit. Tycoon II. 6 Declaring that if he did not obtain full justice on the spot, he would eviscerate himself in the Prince's presence. 1882T. J. Parker in Nature XXV. 352 The fish is eviscerated, the gills removed and placed in strong spirit.
b. refl. of the spider. Also fig. † to eviscerate one's brains.
1621Burton Anat. Mel. i. ii. iii. xiv. (1651) 125 If he be a Scholar so commended for his much reading..he will eviscerate himself like a spider, study to death. 1623Drummond of Hawthornden Cypress Grove Wks. 119 The spider..for the weaving of a scornful web eviscerateth it self many days. 1633T. Adams Exp. 2 Peter ii. 5 A spider eviscerates herself, spends her own bowels in making a web to catch a fly. 1654Trapp Comm. Job xxxii. 11 Your..most elaborate demonstrations, for the which you had eviscerated your brains.
c. transf. To clear out the contents of; to empty, gut.
1834Blackw. Mag. XXXV. 656 In vain did I, as it were, eviscerate..every pocket. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. i. iv. iii, A Paper-Warehouse eviscerated by axe and fire.
2. In various figurative applications.
a. To draw out what is vital or essential in (any thing); to elicit the ‘pith’ or essence of. rare.
1664Evelyn Sylva Pref. to Rdr., They..as it were eviscerating Nature..have collected innumerable Experiments, etc. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. 205 To prevent fraud and chicane, and eviscerate the very truth of the title. 1872O. W. Holmes Poet Breakf.-t. ix, Some single point I could..eviscerate and leave..settled.
b. To empty of vital contents; to deprive (an argument, institution, enactment, etc.) of all that gives it value or importance.
1834Blackw. Mag. XXXVI. 329 France was eviscerated of all the nobler organs which once gave it a European existence. 1845W. Sewell Hawkstone I. 79 The hymn..was..one of Watts' which Mr. Priestley had previously eviscerated of all peculiar doctrines. 1881Daily News 15 Feb. 2/1 Amendments intended to eviscerate the clause were moved by Dr. Commins..and others.
†c. transf. To bring out the inmost secrets of; refl. to disclose one's inmost thoughts. Also fig. Obs. rare.
1607J. King Serm. Nov. 32 Yet was..the deep and vnsearchable hell of their harts..eviscerated, ransacked, etc. c1645Howell Lett. i. vi. 270 Now that I have thus eviscerated myself and dealt so clearly with you, I desire by way of correspondence that you would tell me, etc.
Add:[1.] d. Surg. To remove the contents of (the eyeball).
1887Brit. Med. Jrnl. 4 June 1213/1, I am unwilling to delay in making generally known a means of relief from pain and undue reaction after eviscerating the contents of the globe. 1978S. J. H. Miller Parsons' Dis. Eye (ed. 16) xviii. 257 As soon as it is evident that the eye cannot be saved it should be excised or, if there is any danger of the escape of pus during the operation, eviscerated.
3. intr. Surg. Of the viscera: to protrude through a surgical incision, esp. one made in the abdomen.
1934Ann. Surg. XCIX. 24 There was an actual prolapse of omentum, intestine, or both in more than half of the ruptured drained wounds, while only a third of those cases closed without drainage, actually eviscerated. |