| 释义 |
extemporaneous, a.|ɛkˌstɛmpəˈreɪnɪəs|
[f. late L. extemporāne-us (in some texts of Quintilian for extemporālis; f. ex tempore: see extempore) + -ous. Cf. F. extemporané.]
1. Not premeditated or studied, off-hand, extempore; esp. of discourse, prayer, etc. Rarely of a person: Speaking extempore; also, inclined to promptness of action.
1656–81in Blount Glossogr. 1673Boyle Excell. Theol. Wks. IV. 54 If it happen (as it often will in extemporaneous discourse) that a philosopher be not rightly understood. 1722Wollaston Relig. Nat. v. 124 This cannot be done in extemporaneous effusions; and therefore there must be forms premeditated. 1812Religionism 60 Extemporaneous pulpiteers, your text Prepare. 1825Ld. Cockburn Mem. 418 He seldom utters an extemporaneous word. His habit is to have every thing written, to the very letter. 1847L. Hunt Men, Women, & B. II. x. 230 Ladies of an extemporaneous turn of mind. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 159 There might be a revised liturgy which should not exclude extemporaneous prayer. 1863Robinson in Macm. Mag. Mar. 416 Extemporaneous preaching is..best adapted to interest and amuse the hearers.
2. Made for the occasion, hastily erected or prepared. Of a medicine: Needing to be prepared at the time of prescription; opposed to officinal. So extemporaneous practice.
1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Water Germander, [It is] somewhat strange, that it is not oftner met with in extemporaneous Practise. 1727Ibid. s.v. Cup Moss, Mosses..have never obtain'd officinal or extemporaneous prescription. 1754Warburton Ld. Bolingbroke's Philos. ii. (1756) 72 His famous book..taken as an extemporaneous cordial,..to support himself under his frequent paroxysms. 1830Southey in Q. Rev. XLII. 99 This extemporaneous architecture was soon completed. 1872Yeats Growth Comm. 61 He directed his servants to furnish an extemporaneous supper.
Hence extempoˈraneously adv., in an extemporaneous manner; also extempoˈraneousness, the quality of being extemporaneous.
1764Harmer Observ. iv. v. 212 The extemporaneousness of them [Eastern songs]. 1791Edin. New Disp. 525 Any proper tincture..may be extemporaneously joined. 1794G. Adams Nat. & Exp. Philos. IV. li. 415 The barometer thus extemporaneously made, will be nearly as perfect..as before. 1836H. Coleridge North. Worthies (1852) I. 66 Questions which it were worse than folly to treat extemporaneously. 1891Spectator 28 Feb. 308/1 Insufficient preparation, and all the other evils which are briefly comprehended in the description of extemporaneousness. |