| 释义 |
▪ I. fay, n.1 Obs. or arch.|feɪ|
Forms: 4 fei, feye, fai, 4–6 fey, 4–7 fay, 5 fa, 4–6 faye, 6 foy.
[ad. later OFr. fei:—earlier feit, feid: see faith. Feith, faith was the original, and became the ordinary, Eng. form: but fey, fay also passed into Eng. from contemporary Fr. a 1300, and was for a time almost as common as the earlier form, especially in certain senses, and in phrases such as par fay, by my fay = OFr. par fei, par ma fei.]
1. Religious belief; = faith n. 1–4.
a1300Cursor M. 7562 (Cott.), I haue in drightin fest mi fai. c1315Shoreham Poems (1849) 139 Her-to accordeth oure fay. c1320R. Brunne Medit. 18 Þat ys preved by crystes feye. a1375Lay Folks Mass Bk. App. iv. 117 Þou schalt be founden, I þe fay Hoseled. 14..Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1866) 253 Ellis faileþ al oure fay. 14..Chester Pl. (1847) II. 116 Newe tonges shall have to preach the faye. a1420Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 332 Mannes resoun may not preve our fey. c1450Myrc 362 For who so beleueth in the fay. 1590Spenser Sheph. Cal. Sept. 107 Both of their doctrine and of their faye. 1596Spenser F.Q. v. viii. 19 That neither hath religion nor fay.
2. Credit, authority; = faith n. 6.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. iv. ii. 112 For as moche as þe fey of my sentence shal be þe more ferme and haboundaunt.
3. Promise, assurance; = faith n. 8.
a1300Cursor M. 11530 (Cott.) He [heroude] was traitur, fals in fai. c1380Sir Ferumb. 2046 Þar-to sche sykerede þanne hure fay, to help hem be hure miȝte. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 1847 Lucrece, They answerde alle unto hire fey.
4. Allegiance; = faith 9; also in to hold, keep, owe, swear (one's) fay; = faith n. 9 b.
c1290S. Eng. Leg., St. Dominic 246 Bi þe fei, þat i schal to þe. c1320Sir Tristr. 318 Þmariner swore his faye. 1375Barbour Bruce xiii. 545 [He] held him lelely his fay. c1425Wyntoun Cron. viii. xli. 59 Þe Folk come to þe Fay. c1450Henryson Mor. Fab. 53 For to pray That..Lords keepe their fay Vnto their Soueraigne King. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. x. 41 Did foy and tribute raise.
b. to be at, to take til (= to) any person's or persons' fay: to be in, to take into allegiance or subjection to him or them.
a1300Cursor M. 12984 (Cott.) Þe kinges all ar at mi fai. 1375Barbour Bruce xiii. 404 Bothwell..then at yngliss mennys fay Wes. c1425Wyntoun Cron. viii. xli. 85 He tuk þame til þe Scottis Fay: Til hym þare Athis of þat made þai.
5. Fidelity; = faith n. 10. Also to bear fay.
c1300Havelok 255 Alle þe englis dede he sweren Þat he shulden him ghod fey beren. 1377Pol. Poems (Rolls) I. 215 So fikel in heare fay, That selden iseiȝe is sone forȝete. a1529Skelton Dk. Albany 437 In loyalte and foy Lyke to Ector of Troy.
6. In asseverative phrases:
a. in (good) fay; = faith n. 12 a.
c1300K. Alis. 6952 He..thoughte in god fay. c1340Cursor M. 13603 (Trin.) He is oure son þei seide in fay. 1423Jas. I Kingis Q. lix, Here is, in fay, the tyme. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 88 In gud fay, Schir, it is suith that ȝe say. c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 1046 In good fay I thanke our Lorde. Mod. dial. (Devon.) Iss fay!
b. In quasi-oaths. by, upon my (etc.) fay: = faith n. 12 c. Also in Fr. form, (par) (ma) fay.
a1300Cursor M. 13593 (Gött.) ‘A prophete’, said he, ‘bi mi fay’. c1300Harrow. Hell 81 Par ma fey! ich holde myne Alle tho that bueth heryne. c1386Chaucer Wife's T. 201 If I say fals, sey nay, upon thy fey. ― Clerk's T. Prol. 9 Tel us som mery tale, by your fay. ― Pars. T. ⁋793 Par fay the resoun of a man tellith him [etc.].c1460Play Sacram. 589 Betwyn Douyr & Calyce..dwellth non so cunnyng be my fey. c1460Towneley Myst. (Surtees) 36 Ma fa! sone I hope he shalle. 1547Gardiner in Strype Cranmer ii. (1694) 76 To say [etc.]..by my faye is overfar out of the way. 1808Scott Marm. i. xxii, Nephew, quoth Heron, by my fay. 1849James Woodman x, By my fay, the place seems a fortress instead of an abbey.
▪ II. fay, n.2|feɪ|
Also 6 in Fr. form fée, 8 faye, pl. 7 faies.
[ad. OF. fae, faie (Fr. fée) = Pr. and Pg. fada, Sp. hada, It. fata:—Com. Rom. fāta fem. sing., f. L. fāta the Fates, pl. of fātum fate.]
= fairy 4. Also attrib. and Comb.
1393Gower Conf. I. 193 My wife Constance is fay. [a1533Ld. Berners Huon cxliv. 536 The noble quene Morgan le faye.] 1570B. Googe Pop. Kingd. ii. (1880) 15 a, As pleaseth him that fightes with Fées. 1633B. Jonson Tale Tub ii. i, You'd have your daughters and maids Dance o'er the fields like faies to church. 1746Collins Dirge in Cymbeline Poems (1771) 97 The female fays shall haunt the green. a1839Praed Poems (1864) I. 177 Be she a Fiend, or be she a Fay, She shall be Otto's bride to-day. 1873G. C. Davies Mount. & Mere xiv. 113 Which needed but little imagination to transfer them into fays and water sprites. 1904Westm. Gaz. 14 Sept. 2/3 Watching wild swans by some fay-haunted pool. 1962Listener 12 Apr. 647/1 When she made formal use of figures in her landscapes, they were somewhat mannered, almost fay children.
▪ III. fay, n.3|feɪ|
Forms: 8–9 feigh, 9 fay, feagh, fee.
[f. fay v.2]
The clearings from the surface; the surface soil, the dross of metals.
1747Hooson Miner's Dict. M j, This [the Limp] the Washers use for to throw off the Feigh from the Ore out of the Sive. 1802Mawe Mineralogy 204 Feigh, Newc. Refuse washed from the lead-ore. 1839Murchison Silur. Syst. i. iii. 40 Fee, pronounced ‘Fay’, a red rubbly thin-bedded rock, with some marl. 1884Cheshire Gloss., Fay, Fee, the surface soil in contradistinction to the sub-soil. 1893Surveyors' Institution Professional Notes V. 66 They commenced removing the surface soil, or ‘fey’.
▪ IV. fay, n.4|feɪ|
Abbrev. of ofay.
1927Amer. Mercury Aug. 393 ‘What a lot of 'fays!’ I thought, as I noticed the number of white guests. 1946Mezzrow & Wolfe Really Blues (1957) 62 He was the first fay boy I ever heard who mastered this vital foundation of jazz music. 1966Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. 1964 xlii. 44 Fay is commonly used by Negroes to designate Caucasians.
▪ V. fay, v.1|feɪ|
Forms: 1 féȝ-an, 3–4 feȝen, 3 feien, (fien), south. veien, 4 fey, south. vie, 5 fye, 6 faie, 5– fay.
[OE. féᵹ-an = OS. fôgian (Du. voegen), OHG. fuogen (MHG. vüegen, mod.G. fügen):—OTeut. *fôgjan to fit, adapt, join (cf. OFris. fôgia, which differs in conjugation), f. *fôg- (cf. OHG. fuoga, mod.G. fuge fitting together, joining), ablaut-form of Teut. root fag- in fag-ro- fair a.]
†1.
a. trans. To fit, adapt, or join (whether in material or immaterial sense); to put together, add, compose; to fix or fasten in position. Obs.
a1000Riddles xxvi. 9 (Gr.) Heo..feᵹeð mec on fæsten. c1000Sax. Leechd. III. 206 Herculem ᵹesihð freo[n]dscipe feᵹð. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 25 Ure fader shop us and feide þe lemes to ure licame. Ibid., Forþi we clepeð him fader for þat he us feide here. c1200Ormin 11501 Forr manness bodiȝ feȝedd iss Off fowwre kinne shaffte. Ibid. 11523 Ȝiff þu feȝesst þreo wiþþ þreo Þa findesst tu þær sexe. a1225Ancr. R. 78 Vordi ueieð Isaie hope & silence boðe togederes. Ibid. 396 Ure Louerd..to-tweamede his soule urom his bodie vorto ueien ure boðe togederes.
†b. ? To fit, furnish with. Obs.
c1205Lay. 649 He lette makien enne dic..& feiede heo mid þornen.
†c. to fay upon long: to fix at a distant point (in time); to postpone. Obs.
c1400Destr. Troy 5616 The ferrer þat we fay our fare opon longe, The more we procure our payne.
†2.
a. intr. To suit; to match with. Obs.
c1300Agst. Pride Ladies in Pol. Songs (Camden) 154 The bout and the barbet wyth frountel shule feȝe.
b. U.S. Of a coat: To fit. to fay in: to fit into its place; also trans. to fill up (a gap).
1847D. P. Thompson Locke Amsden vii. 138, I have no notion of spoiling sense to make it fay in with book rules. 1866Lowell Biglow P. Poems 1890 II. 374 Ther' 's gaps our lives can't never fay in. 1868Mrs. Whitney P. Strong xi. (1869) 128 One of the things that fayed right in. 1889Farmer Americanisms, ‘Your coat fays well.’ 1906P. Lowell Mars & its Canals 347 The explanation of the canals as threads of vegetation fays in with the one which has been found to meet the requirements of the blue-green areas.
3. To suit, do, go on favourably, succeed. Obs. exc. dial.
c1300Beket 658 That ne vieth nothing. c1425Seven Sag. 2981 (P.) That may nouȝt fay And he se the with hys eye..He wyl knowe the anoon righte. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. ii. 336 b, This waye it will not frame ne faie, Therefore must we proue another waye. 1863Barnes Dorset Gloss., ‘Things dont fay as I should wish em.’ 1886T. Hardy Mayor Casterbr. xx, It came to pass that for ‘fay’ she said ‘succeed’.
4. Ship-building, etc. [Special uses of 1, 2.]
a. trans. To fit (a piece of timber) closely and accurately to (another).
b. intr. Of the timber: To fit close, so as to leave no intervening space.
a.1754M. Murray Shipbuilding 188 Fay..to fitt two pieces of wood so as to join close together. The plank is said to fay to the timbers when it bears, or lies close to all the timbers. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789) C iv b, The wing-transom..is fayed across the stern-post, and bolted to the head of it. 1775N. D. Falck Day's Diving Vessel 5 Two-inch planks..were fayed and nailed to all the timber of the external frame. 1867in Smyth Sailor's Word-bk.
b.1794Rigging & Seamanship I. 23 The mast where it fays is paid over with soft tar. c1850Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 102 The butts are rabbeted, and must fay close. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., The plank is said to fay to the timbers, when it lies so close to them that there shall be no perceptible space between them.
Hence fayed ppl. a.; ˈfaying vbl. n., the action of the vb.; also attrib.
1748F. Smith Voy. Disc. N.-W. Pass. I. 133 The House was..built of Logs of Wood laid one on the other, with two Sides plain or fayed, that they might be the closer. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 25 Swo digeliche hit al dihte þat on elch feinge is hem on sene. a1225Ancr. R. 78 Þis is nu þe reisun of þe veiunge. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Faying in maritime phraseology, the union of two pieces so close that no intervening space occurs. 1869E. J. Reed Shipbuild. x. 193 The rivet-holes shall be punched from the faying surfaces. Ibid. xvii. 338 Care being taken to punch from the faying-side.
▪ VI. fay, feigh, v.2|feɪ|
Forms: 3 fæȝen, fæien, fegen, feȝen, 4–5 fyen, 6 fie, 7 fea, 7–8 fee, 4, 7–9 fey, 7–9 feigh, fay.
[a. ON. fǽgja to cleanse, polish:—OTeut. type *fæ̂gjan. ON. had also a synonymous parallel derivative from same root, fága (= MDu. vâgen:—OTeut. type *fæ̂gôjan) whence the Eng. fow v. The ON. words appear to be related by ablaut to Du. vegen, MHG. vegen, mod.G. fegen, to polish, clean, sweep.
In South Yorkshire it rimes with weigh |wɛɪ|, not with day, way, say |deː, weː, seː|; perh. the best spelling is feigh.]
trans. To clean, cleanse, polish; to clear away (filth, etc.). Now only dial. in specific applications: To clean out (a ditch, pond); to pare away (surface soil); to clean (seed); to winnow (corn).
c1205Lay. 7957 Heo..fæȝeden heoren wepnen. Ibid. 8057 Þe king..hehten [? hehte] heom alle..fæien heore steden. c1220Bestiary 210 Feȝ ðe ðus of ði brest filde. c1350in Archæologia XXX. 353 Þis drinke xal fyen fro þi herte Glet & rewme. a1400Morte Arth. 1114 He feyed his fysnamye with his foule hondez. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 54 At midnight trie foule priuies to fie. Ibid. 133 Choised seede to be picked and trimlie well fide. 1600Holland Livy xxi. xxxvii. (1609) 414 Such a deale of snow there was to be digged, faied, and thrown out. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. i. ii. iv. vi, To empty jakes, fay channels, carry out durt [etc.]. 1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 4 Oates threshed and feyed. Ibid. 52 Fey up dursed corne, and lye strawe on the floores. 1674Ray N.C. Words, Fee, to winnow. Fey, Feigh, to do any thing notably. To fey meadows is to cleanse them: to fey a pond, to empty it. 1704in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 59 Hee has already fey'd and ring'd y⊇ seller and enclosed a garden. 1796Pegge Anonym. (1809) 91 To fee, or to feigh, as they speak in Derbyshire, is to cleanse; so to fee out is to cleanse out. 1813Cullum Hist. Hawsted & Hardwick Gloss., To fay or fey a pond or ditch, to clean by throwing the mud out of it. 1864F. Greville in Field 29 Oct., The pond had not been cleaned out, (or as we say in Norfolk, fyed out)..for fifty-five years. 1876Mid-Yorksh. Gloss., ‘Fey that hedge bottom out.’ 1876Whitby Gloss., Fay, to fan, to winnow with the natural wind. 1887S. Cheshire Gloss., Fee to remove the surface soil, e.g. to obtain marl, sand, &c.
Hence ˈfaying vbl. n.; used attrib. in faying-cloth, ? a winnowing cloth.
1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) §2. 115 An old coverlette..and a feyinge cloth for to lye upon them.
▪ VII. † fay, v.3 Obs.
In 3 feahen, feaȝen.
[Only in southern ME.; a Scandinavian origin is therefore unlikely, so that the word can hardly be identified with prec.; the sense also differs. Perh. repr. OE. fǽᵹan (‘fæhit pingit’ Epinal Gl.; cf. afǽᵹan to depict), f. fáh coloured, faw.]
trans. ? To adorn.
a1225Ancr. R. 58 Al ȝet þet falleð to hire [þet þe feaȝeð hire C.]. c1230Hali Meid. 45 Feahe þi meidenhad wið alle gode þeawes.
Hence ˈfaying vbl. n.
c1230Hali Meid. 43 Nis ha nawt in claðes ne in feahunge utewið.
▪ VIII. fay
obs. form of foe.
▪ IX. fay
obs. var. of fey a., fated to die. |