| 释义 |
fertilization|ˌfɜːtɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən|
Also -isation.
[n. of action f. as prec. + -ation; cf. F. fertilisation.]
1. a. The action or process of rendering fertile.
1863J. G. Murphy Comm. Gen. xii. 11 The two sides of the Nile, its fertilization by a natural cause.
b. spec. Biol. Fecundation; see fertilize 2.
1857Whewell Hist. Induct. Sc. III. 223 The fertilization of the date-palms. 1862Darwin Fertil. Orchids i. 33 These species..require the aid of insects for their fertilization. 1882Vines Sachs' Bot. 525 The first manifest result of fertilisation in the oospore is the division of its nucleus.
c. fig.
1922H. Crane Let. 7 Nov. (1965) 104 This wholesale ‘fertilization’ of America by such half-baked people as the Algonquin gang. 1933E. K. Chambers Eng. Folk-Play 11 An extreme case of fertilization from a distance is at Icomb in Gloucestershire, where a second act must have been added from a Scottish source. 1957E. Sitwell Coll. Poems 423 The fertilisation of his singing breath.
2. attrib. fertilization tube Mycology, a tube-like outgrowth of the antheridium in certain phycomycetous fungi which penetrates the oogonium and forms a passage for a male nucleus to reach an egg.
1887H. E. F. Garnsey tr. De Bary's Fungi v. 134 When the oosphere has been formed in the oogonium, the antheridium sends a delicate cylindrical or conical tube⁓like process, the fertilisation-tube, from the part of its surface which is in contact with the oogonium into the interior of the latter. 1930H. M. Fitzpatrick Lower Fungi vii. 153 As soon as the oospheres are differentiated the antheridia form delicate fertilization tubes. 1970J. Webster Introd. Fungi 72 Fertilisation is accomplished by the penetration of fertilisation tubes into the eggs.
Hence ˌfertiliˈzational a., of or pertaining to fertilization.
1888J. T. Gulick in Linn. Soc. Jrnl. XX. 233, I venture to call this principle Fertilizational Segregation. |