| 释义 |
▪ I. ford, n.1|fɔəd|
Forms: 1 ford, 3 south. vord, 4–6 fo(o)rde, 4–5 furd, forth(e, (4 fourde, foorth, 5 furthe, 6 furde), 6–7 foord, 7 foard, 3– ford.
[OE. ford str. masc. = OS. -ford (in place-names), OHG. furt (MHG. vurt, mod.Ger. furt):—WGer. *furdu-z:—pre-Teut. *pṛtú-s, found in OWelsh rit, now rhyd ford, L. portus port, harbour, f. Aryan root *per-, Teut. *fer-, far-, fur- to go, pass: see fare v. The ON. fiǫrðr fiord (:—*ferþu-z:—*pértus) differs in ablaut grade.]
1. A shallow place in a river or other water, where a man or beast may cross by wading.
c893K. ælfred Oros. v. xii. §2 Neh þæm forda þe mon hæt Welengaford. c1000ælfric Gen. xxxii. 22 He..oferfor þone ford. c1205Lay. 20159 Arður..for-stod heom þene uord. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 187 Passage non he nam, þe forthes wer withsette. 1382Wyclif Josh. ii. 7 Thei..folweden hem bi the weye that ledith to the foordis of Jordan. c1425Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxvi. 115 Ane met þame in þe Forde, Ðat prewaly..Led þame wp by þe Wattyr syne. 1535Coverdale Isa. x. 28 At Machmas shal he muster his hooste, and go ouer y⊇ foorde. 1792Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 27 The fords must have been impassable in those floods. 1850Tennyson In Mem. vi, Her future Lord Was drown'd in passing thro' the ford. 1875F. Hall in Lippincott's Mag. XVI. 749/1 The guide had strayed off the ford, and I was foundering in a quicksand.
Proverb.1575Gascoigne Cert. Notes of Instr. (Arb.) 34 Let vs take the forde as we finde it. 1637Rutherford Lett. (1862) I. ciii. 262, I praise and commend the ford (as we use to speak) as I find it.
†2.
a. A tract of shallow water.
b. Used (like L. vadum) for: The sea (rare—1).
c. poet. A stream, current (primarily with reference to passage). Obs.
1563Fulke Meteors 56 b, Brookes, boornes or fordes, bee small streames of water, that ronne in a channell. Ibid., Ryuers are caused by the meatynge..of many brookes and fordes. 1565Golding Ovid's Met. vi. (1593) 143 Their ship from land with ores was haled on the foord. a1599Spenser (Webster 1864), With water of the ford Or of the clouds, to moisten their roots dry. 1610W. Folkingham Art of Survey i. x. 24 Boggie..grounds are..fastened and firmed by frequent ouer-flowing them with Fords or Land⁓flouds. c1645Howell Lett. (1688) IV. 495 A deep Foard wherein an Elephant might swim. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. Introd., They live in the deep sea, and when they bring forth, they goe to foords and shores. a1780Ball. Johnie Cock iii. in Child Ballads v. cxiv. (1888) 3/1 And for a drop of thy heart's bluid, They wad ride the fords of hell.
3. attrib., as ford-way.
1721in Temple & Sheldon Hist. Northfield, Mass. (1875) 223 Between Deerfield and Northfield..20 rods west of the fordway. 1858J. F. Redfield Law Railways (1869) I. 231 Where a ford-way was destroyed, by the erection of a dam across a river.
▪ II. ford, v.|fɔəd|
[f. ford n.1]
1. trans. To cross (water) by means of a ford; to wade through.
1614Raleigh Hist. World i. iii. §6 Adam's shin-bones must haue contayned a thousand fadome..if he had foorded the Ocean. a1674Clarendon Hist. Reb. ix. §88 His Horse..should at the same time Ford the Severn..and so joyn with his Foot. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 340 They found the river so shallow, that they easily forded it. 1849Grote Greece ii. lxx. (1862) VI. 260 As no mention is made of a bridge, we are to presume that they forded the river. 1884Sat. Rev. 14 June 780/1 An old woman in a cart is fording the brook.
fig.a1641Bp. R. Montagu Acts & Mon. (1642) 299 The truth at last he foorded. 1642Milton Apol. Smect. (1851) 318 His last Section which is no deepe one, remains only to be foarded. 1701Rowe Amb. Step-Moth. i. i, This Advantage may at least be made To ford his Shallow Soul.
b. causatively.
1726De Foe Hist. Devil i. xi, God intended to ford the Israelites over the Sea. 1903A. Adams Log of Cowboy vii. 88 You can hardly imagine what a difference there is in fording this herd, between a cool cloudy day and a clear hot one.
2. intr. To cross (over) by means of a ford.
1675Ogilby Brit. 90 You ford over the Owse. 1727Philip Quarll (1816) 5 In some places too shallow for boats, and in others too deep to ford over. 1796H. Hunter tr. St. Pierre's Stud. Nat. III. 93 She durst not venture to put her feet into it for the purpose of fording over. 1823Southey Hist. Penins. War I. 727 Some of their detachments forded both on the right and left of the Spaniards' position.
b. To wade. rare.
1748Voy. Disc. I. 93 Goslings in the londs, amongst which our People had the greatest Success, as they could ford into the Water, and reach them with Cutlashes.
fig.1817Coleridge Lay Serm. 408 In the New Testament there are shallows where the lamb may ford, and depths where the elephant must swim.
▪ III. ford, ford-
see forth, forth-. |