| 释义 |
transference|ˈtrɑːnsfərəns, ˈtræns-, -nz-|
Also 7–9 erron. -ferrence.
[ad. L. type *transferentia (used in med. or mod.L.; e.g. a 1541 by Paracelsus), f. transferent-em: see next and -ence.]
1. a. The action or process of transferring; conveyance from one place, person, or thing to another; transfer.
1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) I. 141 The transference was not difficult. 1776Adam Smith W.N. v. ii. II. 467 The transference of stock or moveable property. 1791T. Newte Tour Eng. & Scot. 127 In Argyleshire..it became common to convey land, and make other transferences of property in writing. 1827Faraday Chem. Manip. xv. (1842) 323 Moderately-sized funnels..to assist in the transference of gas into vessels. 1839Morn. Herald 13 June, A transference of power to the moneyed classes. 1875Lubbock Wild Flowers i. 8 The transference of the pollen from one flower to another is..effected principally either by the wind or by insects. 1880Swinburne Stud. Shaks. 258 A line too apt and exquisite to endure without injury the transference from its original setting. 1885Watson & Burbury Math. Th. Electr. & Magn. I. 222 There is a transference, per unit time, of electricity I from the extremity A to the extremity of B.
b. Psychoanalysis. [tr. G. übertragung.] The transfer to the analyst by the patient of re-awakened and powerful emotions previously (in childhood) directed at some other person or thing and since repressed or forgotten; the process or state of such a transfer; loosely, the emotional aspect of a patient's relationship to the analyst; also transf. negative transference: see negative a. 8 c; positive transference: see positive a. 8 d.
[1895S. Freud in Breuer & Freud Studien über Hysterie iv. 266 Die Uebertragung auf den Arzt geschieht durch falsche Verknüpfung. 1910tr. Freud's Orig. & Devel. Psychoanal. in Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. XXI. 215 Every time that we treat a neurotic psychoanalytically, there occurs in him the so-called phenomenon of transfer (Uebertragung), that is, he applies to the person of the physician a great amount of tender emotion, often mixed with enmity.] 1911Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. XXII. 434 The reason why the physician is so often the object toward which the transference is made is that the Œdipus complex is almost invariably present in the patient. 1916C. E. Long tr. Jung's Analyt. Psychol. 245 What has disgusted you in hypnotism is at bottom nothing but the so-called ‘transference’ to the doctor. 1920E. Jones Treatm. Neuroses 40 He is..reacting not toward the physician, but rather toward the other person who has been brought together (‘identified’) with the latter in his mind, an occurrence technically known as ‘transference’. 1937A. S. Neill That Dreadful School xi. 155 If you tell a child any vital truth, or if it confides its troubles to you, he or she gets a transference, that is you get all the child's emotions showered on you. 1973A. Janov Primal Scream xiv. 246 Since I believe that the transference is the neurosis, I think that doing anything else with the patient other than helping him to feel his Pain is to render him a disservice.
2. Sc. Law. The procedure by which a depending action is transferred from a person deceased to his representative.
1681Stair Inst. Law Scot. xv. §10. 322 The Decreet will be effectual against all singular Successors, and subsequent Tennents without a new Decreet of Transferrence. 1765–8Erskine Inst. Law Scot. iv. i. §60 If the pursuer be dead, it is called a transference activè... Where the defender dies, it gets the name of a transference passivè. Ibid., Yet a transference cannot proceed against a debtor's apparent heir, till the annus deliberandi be expired. 1838W. Bell Dict. Law Scot. 999 Transferences are competent to inferior judges, only when the representatives reside within their jurisdiction, and the principal cause is in dependence before them.
3. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 1 b) transference feeling, transference situation; transference neurosis Psychoanalysis, a neurotic stage during transference frequently encountered during analysis and considered beneficial to the therapy; transference number Physical Chem. (chiefly U.S.) = transport number s.v. transport n. 6.
1964Gould & Kolb Dict. Soc. Sci. 557/1 Freud's aim in treatment gradually changed..to the interpretation and modification of ‘transference feelings’ and their underlying unconscious conflicts. 1977R. Holland Self & Social Context iv. 76 The Freudian analyst is prepared to hold the transference feelings, and possible acting out behaviours, long enough for the client to re-experience and go beyond them.
1916A. A. Brill tr. Freud's Three Contributions to Theory of Sex (ed. 2) iii. 77 Psychoanalysis of the so-called transference neuroses (hysteria and compulsion neurosis) offers us here a reliable insight. 1968H. Racker Transference & Countertransference i. 15 In the transference neurosis,..the return of the relations to the parents implies the return of the neurotic conflicts with them.
1898Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXXIV. ii. 553 The values were found to be almost independent of the concentration.., the transference numbers for the anions being given by the expressions [etc.]. 1909[see Hittorf]. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. XIV. 18b/2 The two procedures for determining transference numbers by which most of the available data in the literature have been obtained are the Hittorf method and the moving boundary method.
1933W. Galt Phyloanalysis 72 Only this intense transference-situation as it exists socially, however disguised, can account for the extremes of emotional stimulation and response constantly elicited in the process of phyloanalysis upon the slightest, most trivial occasion. 1977C. Storr Tales from Psychiatrist's Couch 41 A probing of his feelings towards me as a mother figure, an exploration of the transference situation. |