| 释义 |
▪ I. transplant, n.|ˈtrɑːnsplɑːnt, ˈtræns-|
[f. next.]
1. a. That which is transplanted; spec. in forestry, a seedling transplanted once or several times; in Surg., etc., an organ, tissue, etc., which has been transplanted into another person or animal.
1756P. Browne Jamaica 163 Very few transplants of the kind thrive. 1885P. MacOwan Rep. Cape Town Bot. Gard. 1884. 9, A box of 25 transplants. 1898F. Whitmore in Atlantic Monthly Apr. 507/1 There was nothing for it but to sow seeds for transplants. 1913Arch. f. Entwicklungsmech. d. Organismen XXXVII. 254 The homoeoplastic transplants in guinea pigs 5 and 8 were removed for microscopic examination. 1952,1963[see heart transplant s.v. heart n. 56]. 1977J. Gillis Killers of Starfish x. 81 Look a little closer. This hair hat of mine is a transplant... I'm a lot older than Trevor.
fig.1891M. Dods Erasmus, etc. 81 They do not appear as transplants in the writings of Plato.
b. One who is not native to his place of permanent residence. U.S.
1961M. Beadle These Ruins are Inhabited (1963) v. 73 If she's a good English wife, she doesn't tell him. If she's an American transplant, she does. 1973T. Tobin Lett. G. Ade 2 The bustling city [of Chicago], which was comprised of numerous rural transplants too busy with the business of living to establish traditions. 1979Tucson (Arizona) Citizen 20 Sept. 1b/3 Traffic and the heat are two things the transplants mentioned.
2. The transferring of bacterial organisms from one medium to another for purposes of culture.
1900Jrnl. Exper. Med. (U.S.) 25 Oct. 173 Both micro⁓organisms failed to survive the exposure, transplants failing to produce a growth on broth and on kidney.
3. Surg. An operation in which an organ, tissue, etc., is transplanted from one person or animal to another.
1951Sun (Baltimore) 14 Mar. 34/1 He decided to try a transplant [of a tooth]. 1971Daily Tel. 3 May 1/4 Prof. Christian Barnard..is standing by to carry out his first transplant for two years. 1982Sunday Times 2 Sept. 16/2 It is a type of pneumonia usually found only where there are known causes for a breakdown in the immune system, as in cancer chemotherapy or transplants.
4. attrib.
1963Guardian 22 Mar. 1/3 Surgeons at St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, this week carried out the hospital's first kidney transplant operation. 1967New Scientist 7 Dec. 584/3 This [sc. the immune reaction] is the problem that bedevils the whole of transplant surgery. 1968Observer 7 Jan. 1/1 After that we can think about further selection of transplant patients. 1977P. B. & J. S. Medawar Life Science i. 8 The anxious question of whether or when a potential transplant donor..can be regarded as dead.
▪ II. transplant, v.|trɑːnsˈplɑːnt, træns-|
[ad. post-cl.L. transplantāre (Itala, Luc. xvii. 6), f. trans- + plantāre to plant. Cf. F. transplanter (16th c.).]
1. trans. To remove (a plant) from one place or soil and plant it in another. Also fig.
c1440Pallad. on Husb. iii. 504 Transplaunte hem so, & sone up wol they spring. 1555Eden Decades 135 Transplantyng the roote therof, [he] brought it from wyldenes to a better kynde. 1605Timme Quersit. i. xvi. 86 They are to be transplanted into home gardens. 1664Evelyn Kal. Hort., Aug. (1729) 213 Transplant such Lettuce as you will have abide all Winter. 1768Sterne Sent. Journ. I. In the Desobligeant, The man who first transplanted the grape of Burgundy to the Cape of Good Hope. 1842Tennyson Amphion x, Methods of transplanting trees.
2. To convey or remove from one place to another; to transport; esp. to bring (people, a colony, etc.) from one country to settle in another.
1555W. Watreman Fardle Facions Pref. 9 Now gan thei tattempte..to transplante their progenie, and offspring into places unenhabited. 1606in Calr. S.P. Irel. 553 The Grames and others to be transplanted into Ireland were charged with many children. c1630Risdon Surv. Devon §308 (1810) 317 These lands were transplanted into the name of the Poultons. 1769E. Bancroft Guiana 120 The Bull and the Cow..have been successfully transplanted into Guiana. 1860Pusey Min. Proph. 43 The policy of transplanting nations..was adopted, as a regular part of Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian policy. 1899A. E. Garvie Ritschlian Theol. v. vii. 211 We cannot even transplant ourselves into the religious life of a pious Israelite.
3. Surg. To transfer (an organ or portion of tissue) from one part of the body, or from one person or animal, to another.
1786[see transplanted below]. 1906Daily Chron. 22 Sept. 6/7 A..case in which a child..suffering from cretinism, had a portion of its mother's thyroid gland transplanted into its spleen. Ibid., Successful experiments in transplanting the blood vessels of animals. 1909Westm. Gaz. 5 July 6/3 A dachshund, to which the kidneys of a fox-terrier had been transplanted..was apparently in perfect health.
4. intr.
†a. (for refl.) To leave one place of abode and settle in another; to emigrate. Obs.
1608[see transplanting]. 1655Clarke Papers (Camden) III. 24 The Irish are unwilling to transplant or prove theire qualificacions, but they will bee forc'd to goe and make way for the English planters. 1662Jesuits' Reasons (1675) 130, Why..not..take up your roots and transplant?
b. (for pass.) To bear transplanting.
1796C. Marshall Gardening xv. (1813) 248 Peas will transplant, and therefore broken rows may be made up. 1817–18Cobbett Resid. U.S. (1822) 302 Persons of advanced age, of settled habits,..do not..‘transplant well’. Of all such persons, Farmers transplant worst. 1846J. Baxter's Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 361 Transplanting.—Swedish turnips transplant very well, like the common cabbage; but the true turnip, the white globe or yellow, do not transplant.
Hence transˈplanted ppl. a.
1765Museum Rust. IV. 232 A six-shilling book..on the subject of transplanted lucerne. 1786J. Hunter Treat. Venereal Disease vii. i. §1 (1810) 586 The transplanted tooth fastened extremely well, and continued so for about a month. 1833Alison Hist. Europe (1849) I. i. §37. 83 Any transplanted Irishman, found out of his district, might be put to death by the first person who met him. |