| 释义 |
▪ I. recess, n.|rɪˈsɛs, ˈriːsɛs|
[ad. L. recess-us, f. recēdĕre to recede; cf. It. recesso (Florio).]
†1. The act of retiring, withdrawing, or departing (from or to a place); withdrawal, departure. Obs. (Common in 16–17th c., freq. in phr. access and recess.)
1531St. Papers Hen. VIII, IV. 576 Ye write unto Us of the recesse ande departing of our and your Commissioners. 1538Cromwell Let. 13 July in Merriman Life & Lett. (1902) II. 147 He may haue free accesse and recesse from tyme to tyme. 1608Topsell Serpents (1658) 782 They have easie accesse and recesse to and fro to their beguiling nets. 1660Boyle New Exp. Phys. Mech. xxviii. 216 The sudden recess of the Air made the bubbles..appear..numerous. 1692Wagstaffe Vind. Carol. v. 58 Not only Petition the King,..but upon his recess from Whitehall, send him a Peremptory Petition.
transf.1536in Burnet Hist. Ref., Coll. Records No. 52 Hen. VIII, His Recesse from the Church, ye proffe not otherwise, than by the..Comon Opinion of those Parts.
†2.
a. The (or an) act of retirement from public life or into privacy; the fact of living retired or in a private manner; a period of retirement. Obs.
1645J. Evelyn Diary 31 Jan., Famous for the debauched recesses of Tiberius. 1654H. L'Estrange Chas. I (1655) 135 Long lived he in that retirement..yet was not his re-cesse in-glorious. 1700Dryden Fables Ded. 163 The soft recesses of your hours improve The three fair pledges of your happy love. 1762Ann. Reg. ii. 2 His indispositions and other reasons made him determine entirely to quit the court: During his recess, however he lost nothing of his..respect for the king.
†b. Without article: Retirement, seclusion, privacy. Obs.
1645Evelyn Diary 6 May, Faire Parks or Gardens..being onely places of recesse and pleasure. 1709Prior Chloe Hunting 16 Ev'ry neighbouring Grove Sacred to soft Recess and gentle Love. 1768Woman of Honor II. 208, I had chosen..my Aunt Clifford's..there to remain in recess for some time.
3. a. The act of retiring for a time from some occupation; a period of cessation from usual work or employment. Chiefly N. Amer. exc. in Parliamentary use.
In early use chiefly of Parliament, later also of schools.
1620Jrnls. House of Lords 22 Mar. 61/1 They [sc. the Commons] humbly desire to know the Time of the Recess of this Parliament, and of the Access again, as they may accordingly depart and meet again at the same Time their Lord⁓ships shall. 1642Sir E. Dering Sp. on Relig. x. 35 Since the late Recesse, some endeavours of mine have been reported more distastive then before. a1671Ld. Fairfax Mem. (1699) 22 In this recess of action, we had several treaties about prisoners. 1706Royal Sp. 16 Feb. in Lond. Gaz. No. 4202/1 It will be convenient to make a Recess in some short Time. 1797A. M. Bennett Beggar Girl (1813) I. 210 Every recess of the school they passed at Mushroom Place. 1851K. Quentin Reisebilder & Studien II. 58 Um 12 Uhr verliess ich mit den Kindern die Schule. Sie haben eine Pause (Recess) von einer Stunde. 1860O. W. Holmes Elsie V. xxvi. (1891) 394 In the recess, as it was called, or interval of suspended studies in the middle of the forenoon. c1860E. Dickinson Poems (1955) I. 117 Whose Beryl Egg, what School Boys hunt In ‘Recess’—Overhead! 1881Gladstone in Times 8 Oct. 6/3 We are in a Parliamentary recess, but the leaders of the Tories do not appear to have had any recess at all. 1913A. Huxley Let. 3 Feb. (1969) 47, I had a very good vacation, or do you call it Ree-cess?, as one (female) American asked me. 1942Amer. Mercury July 91 Must be a recess in Heaven—pretty angel like that out on the ground. 1951E. Paul Springtime in Paris ii. 27, I could not possibly hope to reach the cage before the bank closed at 12 o'clock noon, for the two-hour lunch recess. 1975Weekend Mag. (Montreal) 1 Nov. 22/1, I watched him carefully as he won game after game at recess one day.
†b. Without article: Cessation from work, relaxation, leisure. Obs.
1711Shaftesbury Charac. (1737) II. ii. ii. ii. 159 A Love of moderate Recess and Rest from Action. 1781Cowper Retirem. 215 His hours of leisure and recess employs In drawing pictures of forbidden joys.
†4. Delay; respite. Obs. rare.
1622J. Reynolds God's Revenge ii. vi. 4 After the protraction and recesse of a yeeres time, Victoryna consenteth to Sypontus to be his wife. 1706De Foe Jure Div. x. 229 The small Recess the weary Land obtain'd So little Breath to rising Freedom gave.
5. a. A place of retirement, a remote and secluded spot, a secret or private place.
1636G. Sandys Paraphr. Ps. cxxxiv. (1648) 205 Your hands devoutly raise To his divine Recesse. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 199 Airy and cool Choultries, private Recesses for their Women. 1784R. Bage Barham Downs II. 250 A woman..who had been housekeeper at Lord Winterbottom's recess. 1831Lamb Elia Ser. ii. Ellistoniana, The last retreat, and recess, of his every-day waning grandeur.
†b. A dark resource, a secret. Obs. rare.
1646J. Gregory Notes & Obs. (1650) 6 To cast out Devills (by a knowne Recesse of the blacke Art) through him that is the Prince. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. Ad. Sect. iv. 52 Magnifying the recesses of his Counsell and Wisdome and Predestination.
6. a. The act of receding, of going back or away, from a certain point. (Used chiefly of the motion of things, and esp. of water, the sea, or the heavenly bodies.)
1607J. Norden Surv. Dial. i. 19 Alwayes at the waters recesse, euery man could finde out his owne land by the plot. 1653Gataker Vind. Annot. Jer. 157 The accesse or recesse of the Sun unto and from several parts of the world. 1728Pemberton Newton's Philos. 202 As the earth in its recess from the sun recovers by degrees its former power. 1756Burke Subl. & B. iv. xvi, As we recede from light..the pupil is enlarged by the retiring of the iris, in proportion to our recess. 1818G. S. Faber Horæ Mosaicæ I. 266 It is at present dry, in consequence of the gradual recess of the waters. 1834M. Somerville Connex. Phys. Sc. iii. (1849) 19 An alternate recess and advance of the apsides.
b. transf. or fig. of immaterial things.
1620T. Granger Div. Logike 109 It is the defect, and recesse of the opposite facultie. 1646Earl of Monmouth tr. Biondi's Civil Warres vi. 60 Leaving her in the recesse of her Fortune. 1722De Foe Hist. Plague (1756) 235 The principal Recess of this Infection..was from February to April. 1782Jefferson Notes on Virginia (1787) 132 The access of frost in the autumn, and its recess in the spring. 1843J. Martineau Chr. Life xliii. (1876) 506 Painting the access and recess of his thought.
7. transf. or fig. (from senses 1 and 6).
†a. A dislike or disgust to a thing. Obs.—1
1567J. Maplet Gr. Forest 26 It becommeth to haue an appitite to that which it holdeth good and pleasant, and a recesse or lothsomnesse to yt which maketh against it.
†b. A drawing back (from a promise). Obs.
1601J. Wheeler Treat. Comm. 96 Queene Marie by the way of Recesse..reuoked this Decree, and restored the Hanses to their former priuiledges. 1628Feltham Resolves ii. xlii. 125 Some..admit of an absolute recesse from a word already passed.
†c. A departure from some state or standard. Obs. (Common in 17th c.)
1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. vii. §5 Men..have made too untimely a departure, and too remote a recess from particulars. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 430 Recesses of the parts of mans body, from the natural state. 1692Beverly Disc. Dr. Crisp 7 Every Sin..is a Recess from the Holiness of God.
†d. A falling back; decline. Obs.
a1635Naunton Fragm. Reg. (Arb.) 55 Others,..when he was in the right course of recovery, and setling to moderation, would not suffer a recesse in him. 1659J. Harrington Lawgiving iii. iv. (1700) 456 This Standard in a well founded Monarchy, must bar recess; and in a well founded Commonwealth must bar increase.
8. a. A retired or inner place or part; one of the remotest or innermost parts or corners of anything.
1616Bullokar Eng. Expos., Recesse, a bye-place. 1673Ray Journ. Low C. 224 Gentlemens houses..having more in the recess than they promise in the front. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 604 Within a Mountain's hollow Womb, there lyes A large Recess, conceal'd from Human Eyes. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian vi, To carry torches into every recess of the ruin. 1801Strutt Sports & Past. Introd. 4 A pursuit..only requisite in the gloomy recesses of the cloister. 1871L. Stephen Playgr. Eur. (1894) iv. 89 The little village..lies..deep in the recesses of the Pennine chain.
b. fig. especially of the soul or heart.
1688South Serm. (1727) II. 301 Sorrow..must force, and make its way into the very inmost Corners, and Recesses of the Soul. 1715–20Pope Iliad i. 711 The thoughts that roll Deep in the close recesses of my soul. 1814Cary Dante, Inf. i. 18 The fear, That in my heart's recesses deep had lain. 1840Mill Diss. & Disc. (1875) I. 408 The question lies..in the recesses of psychology.
9. a. A receding part or indentation in the line of some natural feature or object, as a coast, range of hills, etc.
1697Dryden æneid i. 228 Within a long Recess there lies a Bay. 1781Cowper Truth 79 His dwelling a recess in some rude rock. 1838Murray's Hand-bk. N. Germ. 273 Every projection on the one side of it [a valley] corresponds with a bay or recess on the other. 1846McCulloch Acc. Brit. Empire (1854) I. 242 The recesses between the hills are mostly filled with gentlemen's seats.
b. spec. A receding part or space breaking the continuity of a wall; a niche or alcove.
1774Act 14 Geo. III, c. 78 §28 It shall also be lawful to cut perpendicular Recesses into any Party-wall. 1826Scott Woodst. iii, The recesses within them [oriel windows] were raised a step or two from the wall. 1840Dickens Barn. Rudge xlviii, They sat down in one of the recesses on the bridge, to rest. 1875Mrs. Ritchie Miss Angel x. 90 The gallery was evidently used as a..sitting room. There was a spinnet in a recess.
c. Any small depression or indentation; also Anat. a sinus or fold in an organ or part.
1839Lindley Introd. Bot. i. ii. (ed. 3) 135 Leaves..divided more or less deeply into lobes, which leave void spaces between them, which we call recesses (sinus). 1897Syd. Soc. Lex. s.v. Recessus, A recess or fold between the duodenum and jejunum. 1902Marshall Metal Tools 49 The cutting edges..on either side of the pin produce the required recess as the drill is fed down.
†d. A cesspool. Obs.—1
1764Museum Rust. II. 73, I..have in my yard, what you usually see in most farmers yards, two recesses or pools, as reservoirs of dung and water.
e. Criminals' slang. The lavatory in a prison. Usu. pl.
1950P. Tempest Lag's Lexicon 177 Recess, the lavatory and urinal, which are generally situated in a recess (two cells knocked into one). 1958F. Norman Bang to Rights iii. 103 The recesses are give [sic] a good clean out. 1974Observer (Colour Suppl.) 10 Feb. 17/1 Locked in their cells [sc. in Winson Green Prison, Birmingham] at 5.30., with one opening later to go to the recesses (lavatories) and to have a hot drink.
f. = recess printing below.
1971D. Potter Brit. Eliz. Stamps iii. 36 This different⁓size stamp, printed by recess, interrupted the unity of the set.
10.
†a. ? An agreement or convention. Obs.—1
1516Inv. R. Wardr. (1815) 22 Efter the forme and tenor of the recesse maid be ambaxiatouris of this realme, and procuratouris and commissionaris of Ingland thairapoun.
b. Hist. A resolution, decree, or act of the Imperial Diet of Germany or of the Diet of the Hanseatic League.
After med.L. recessus (see Du Cange); so F. recez.
1706tr. Dupin's Eccl. Hist. 16th C. II. iii. xi. 149 The Recess was published: It contained the following Articles. [note. What we call an Act of Parliament in England is called a Recess in Germany.] 1779Hist. Mod. Europe II. lix. 254 The famous Recess of Augsburgh, which is the basis of religious peace in Germany. 1882–3Schaff Encycl. Relig. Knowl. I. 638 When the three colleges [of a diet] agreed, the decree, or recess as it was called, was submitted to the imperial sanction.
†c. (See quot.) Obs. rare.
1726Ayliffe Parergon 275 In the Imperial Chamber the Prætors have half a Florin..for every substantial Recess, as they call it. Ibid., The substantial Recesses are the Introduction of the Cause, the exhibiting of the Libel [etc.].
11. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 3) recess time; (sense 9 b, 9 c) recess decoration, recess plate, recess shop; recess printing, a method of printing used in the production of postage stamps (see quot. 1951); hence recess-print v. (usu. as pa. pple.).
1851Ruskin Stones Ven. I. xxiv. §11 *Recess decoration by leaf mouldings.
1874Thearle Naval Archit. 88 The armour shelf or *recess plate is a part of the longitudinal framing of the ship.
1930Times Educ. Suppl. 26 July p. iv/1 All [stamps] are *recess-printed in designs appropriate to the occasion. 1976Times 30 Aug. 6/7 The first issue, containing a finely drawn head of Queen Victoria..and recess printed by Bradbury Wilkinson.
1914A. B. Creeke Stamp-Collecting iii. 66 *Recess-printing. The design is cut into the plate, and the ink stands up slightly on the stamp. 1951R. J. Sutton Stamp Collector's Encycl. 190 Recess Printing: Strictly speaking, any process where the inked image is below the plane surface of the plate, cliché, block or cylinder; but in modern philatelic parlance refers to the present⁓day machine-printed, photo-mechanically engraved plate method of reproduction, which in its essentials is similar to the line-engraving by which most of the first and early stamps were printed. A ‘recess’ printed stamp has a distinct raised image.
1828Lights & Shades II. 170 We hurried into one of the little *recess shops [on Brighton Pier] to avoid them.
1869Mrs. Stowe Oldtown Folks xxxiii. 431 At *recess-time she strolled out with me into the pine woods back of the school-house. 1885S. O. Jewett Marsh Island xii, The boarder had..treated the children to apples at recess-time. 1946G. Wilson Fidelity Folks iii. 84 A half dozen biscuits soaked in it ought to keep starvation away until recess time.
▪ II. † reˈcess, v.1 Obs.—1
[f. L. recess-um, pa. pple. of recēdĕre recede.]
To recede.
1581Dee Diary (Camden) 13 Roger Cook..thowght that he was utterly recest from intended goodnes toward him.
▪ III. recess, v.2|rɪˈsɛs, ˈriːsɛs|
[f. recess n.]
1. a. trans. To place in a recess or in retirement; to set back or away.
1809M. Edgeworth Manœuvring vii, Behind the screen of his prodigious elbow you will be comfortably recessed from curious impertinents. 1820Examiner No. 620. 132/2 The writ was then served in the expectation of recessing me in the Fleet during the long vacation. 1874T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd I. xviii. 199 His house stood recessed from the road.
b. spec. To set (part of a wall or other structure) in a recess. Also refl.
1845Petrie Eccl. Archit. Irel. 180 The arches, of which there are two, one recessed within the other. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. vi. (1856) 44 Little man-of-war port-holes recessed into its wooden sides. 1865Mrs. Whitney Gayworthys ix, The window recessed itself into the wall.
2. To make a recess or recesses in; to cut away, so as to form a recess.
1876J. Rose Pract. Machinist ix. 162 Providing that the cutter is not recessed and does not cut on both sides. 1882Bazaar 15 Feb. 174 The inner..hubs are recessed, within them being placed stout steel rings.
3. a. intr. Chiefly U.S. To take a recess or interval.
1893Columbus (Ohio) Disp. 14 Apr., The Senate recessed five minutes yesterday afternoon. 1933W. J. Abbot Watching World go By xvii. 316 The convention was thrown into confusion. It recessed almost in a riot. 1943Sun (Baltimore) 12 Feb. 17/1 Tomorrow's holiday on which the country's major securities and commodities exchanges will recess. 1970Daily Tel. 6 July 9 The French Parliament recessed for its three-month summer holiday last week. 1977Ibid. 4 May 19/1 A Turin court trying 53 Leftist ‘Red Brigade’ guerillas recessed indefinitely yesterday for lack of citizens willing to serve on the jury. 1977New Society 7 July 23/2 The inquiry recessed earlier this month so that the contending parties would have a chance to wade through transcripts. 1977Time 26 Dec. 22/1 Congress recessed last week for a month-long holiday without enacting his energy bill.
b. trans. Chiefly U.S. To put (a meeting, etc.) into recess; to adjourn, suspend.
1954W. Faulkner Fable 80 It takes more ammunition to recess a war for ten minutes than to stop a mere offensive. 1967Guardian 12 June 8/4 Hans Tabor recessed the meeting and told them to ‘stand by’ for any urgent call. 1970W. Wager Sledgehammer xxv. 213 When Gillis recessed the proceedings..not a single juror had been picked. 1978Detroit Free Press 2 Apr. 10a/5 Exhausted negotiators agreed to recess formal talks for the weekend and meet in private.
Hence recessed |rɪˈsɛst| ppl. a., set in a recess; reˈcessing vbl. n.
recessed arch, an arch set within another arch. recessing-bit, a bit for enlarging the ends of screw-holes, etc.
1809–12M. Edgeworth Ennui x, Lady Geraldine and Cecil Devereux..were in a recessed window. 1867M. E. Herbert Cradle L. iii. 90 Underneath this basilica is a little recessed chapel. 1873Shelley Workshop Appliances 223 The first [pin-drill], with three cutting edges,..being sometimes called a recessing-bitt. 1874Parker Goth. Archit. i. iv. 114 In many of the earlier examples the square profile of the recessed Norman arch is retained. |