| 释义 |
‖ Fritillaria|frɪtɪˈlɛərɪə|
Also 7 frit(t)ell-.
[mod.L. fritillāria, f. fritillus dice-box.
According to Clusius Rariorum aliquot Stirpium per Pannon. etc. observ. Hist. (1583) 172, the name was given by Noel Capperon, a druggist of Orleans, to the Common Fritillary, ‘quod ejus areolæ versicolores fritillum quodam-modo æmulentur’. Unless this refers to some chequered pattern with which dice-boxes were painted, Gerarde's explanation below would seem to be correct, though the Lat. dicts. of the 16th c. and still earlier give the correct explanation of fritillus. In any case the name refers to the chequered markings of the corolla, not to its shape as is usually stated.]
A genus of liliaceous plants, the best known species of which are the crown imperial (F. imperialis), and the Common Fritillary or Snakeshead (F. Meleagris) found locally in moist meadows.
1578Lyte Dodoens ii. lii. 214 The third [Tulipa] is called..Flos Meleagris..some do also cal this flower Fritillaria. 1597Gerarde Herball 123 It hath been called Frittillaria, of the table or boord vpon which men plaie at chesse, which square checkers the flower doth very much resemble, some thinking that it [the chess-board] was named Frittillus. 1611Tradescant's bill in A. Amherst Gard. Eng. (1895) 170 Fortye fritellarias at 3 pence the peece. 1625Bacon Ess., Gardens (Arb.) 556 Camaïris, Frettellaria. 1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 198 March..Violets, Fritillaria. 1741Compl. Fam. Piece ii. iii. 378 Bulbous-rooted Flowers..such as the..Fritillaria's, and Colchicum. 1881M. E. Braddon Asph. xii. 137 Primroses; anemones; hyacinths; and the rare fritillaria. |