| 释义 |
▪ I. frontal, n.|ˈfrʌntəl|
Forms: 4–5 fro(u)ntel(l, 5–6 fruntall(e, -telle, 6–7 frontall, 6–8 frontale, (6 frontayle), 7– frontal.
[ME. frountel, a. OF. frontel:—late L. frontāle, f. front-, frōns: see front n. and -al1. OF. had also the form frontal (still preserved in some senses); in mod.F., by confusion of suffixes, frontail and fronteau (cf. med.L. frontellum in Promp. Parv.) are used in various specific applications of the general sense.]
†1. Something applied to the forehead. Obs.
a. A band or ornament worn on the forehead.
c1320Pol. Songs (Camden) 154 The bout and the barbet wyth frountel shule feȝe. 14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 585/2 Frontale, a frontell. 1552Huloet, Frontayle for a womans head, some call it a fruntlet. 1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 416 His brother foorthwith tooke the roiall frontall called a diademe, and did it about his owne head. 1611Bp. Hall Serm. v. 52 Look how much difference there is between..the frontal of the high priest and the bells of the horses.
b. A piece of defensive armour for a horse's head; = front-stall. (Cf. Fr. frontail, fronteau.)
1587T. Underdown tr. Heliodorus ix. 126 They arme their horses too; about his legges they tie bootes, and couer his head with frontals of steele.
c. Med. A medicament applied to the forehead to cure headache. (Cf. Fr. frontal, fronteau.)
1601Holland Pliny II. 75 It cureth the head-ach, if it be applied as a frontall to the forehead and temples. 1710T. Fuller Pharm. Extemp. 172 A Frontal with Mastic. 1753Smollett Ct. Fathom (1784) 154/1 The frontal prescribed by Fathom was applied.
d. A knotted cord, wound tightly round the forehead as a means of torture. (Cf. Fr. frontal.)
1653H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. xv. 48 To make your brains fly out of your heads with a frontal of cord.
2. A movable covering for the front of an altar, generally of embroidered cloth, silk, etc., but sometimes of metal.
1381in Eng. Gilds (1870) 233 An altar-cloth, with a frontel, for the great feast-days. 1459Paston Lett. No. 336 I. 489 Item, j. auter clothe, withe a frontell of white damaske. 1536Bellenden Cron. Scot. (1821) II. 394 The goldin and silkin claithis..war distribute amang the abbays of Scotland to be vestamentis and frontallis to thair altaris. 1566Eng. Ch. Furniture (Peacock 1866) 49 A girdell a fruntall and 3 albes. 1874J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Par. Churches 305 The frontal, or coloured altar-cloth, should hang separately from the altar. 1877J. D. Chambers Div. Worship 268 Frontals may be..formed of gold and silver plates.
†b. ? A hanging for the front of a bed. Obs.
1539in Inv. R. Wardrobe (1815) 47 Rufis of beddis.—Item..thre curtingis..with ane frontale. 1542Ibid. 98 The nether frontale of the samyne bed.
c. A decorated front for a tomb.
1881Academy 5 Mar. 177/3 The whole frontal is enriched in a..somewhat tawdry manner by numerous false gems.
3. The façade of a building.
1784Henley Beckford's Vathek (1868) 136 note, We are told of a strange fortress..whose frontal presented the following inscription. 1827Lytton Pelham xxiii, Vast hotels, with their gloomy frontals, and magnificent contempt of comfort. 1893M. E. Francis N.C. Village 202 Not a very imposing building..with its low frontal and irregular architecture.
†4. Arch. (See quot. 1730–6.) Obs.
1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 36 It hath foure windowes with frontals and galleries. 1730–6Bailey (folio), Frontal, a little fronton or pediment sometimes placed over a little door or window.
†5. = frontier n. 3 (where see quot. 1412–20).
▪ II. frontal, a.|ˈfrɒntəl; in sense 2 often ˈfrʌntəl|
[ad. mod.L. frontālis, f. front-, frōns: see front and -al1. Cf. Fr. frontal adj.]
1. Of or pertaining to the forehead, or to the corresponding part in the lower animals. Frequent in anatomical applications, as frontal artery, frontal bone, frontal sinus, frontal vein, etc. frontal tonsure: see quot. 1894.
1656Blount Glossogr. s.v. Vein, Frontal-vein, the fore⁓head vein, a third branch of the outward throat vein, whence, mounting by the bottom of the nether jaw, it comes into the lips and nose, and thence ascends by the inside of the eye to the middle of the fore-head. 1741Monro Anat. Bones (ed. 3) 87 The frontal Bone serves to contain, defend and sustain the anterior Lobes of the Brain. 1746Parsons in Phil. Trans. XLIV. 6 The true Frontal Muscle arises fleshy from the Process of the Os Frontis. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. (1828) IV. xlv. 258 He conjectures the seat of this sense [smell] to reside in certain frontal organs. 1840G. V. Ellis Anat. 2 The frontal artery, a branch..of the ophthalmic. 1879Calderwood Mind & Br. ii. 16 The front of the brain..is known as the Frontal Lobe. 1894J. T. Fowler Adamnan Introd. 41 The tonsure was made by shaving off all the hair in front of a line drawn from ear to ear, and is called the frontal tonsure.
2. a. Of or pertaining to the forepart or foremost edge. frontal hammer: see quot. 1881.
1860Tyndall Glac. i. xxvii. 217 From the summit descended by a glissade to the frontal portion of the cavern. 1863Lyell Antiq. Man xv. 300 The frontal or terminal moraine. 1881Raymond Mining Gloss., Frontal hammer or Frontal helve, a forge-hammer lifted by a cam, acting upon a ‘tongue’ immediately in front of the hammer-head.
b. Of an attack, etc.: Directed against or delivered upon the front.
1884Milit. Engin. I. ii. 63 A magazine exposed to frontal fire only. 1886N. L. Walford Parl. Gen. Civ. War 43 With the aid of a frontal attack by the infantry.
c. [after Da. frontal (J. Lange 1892 as in next).] Of or pertaining to the façade of a building; also in Gr. Art, pertaining to front or full-face view of a sculptured object (see frontality); similarly of a naked human body.
1893Funk's Stand. Dict. s.v., The frontal effect of a fine building. 1905P. Gardner Gram. Gr. Art v. 57 One finds figures stooping, or kneeling, or in a variety of other attitudes; but the frontal law still holds. 1971W. J. Burley Guilt Edged iii. 46 Full frontal nudity on the stage. 1971Times 12 Aug. 8/2 His [sc. Linnæus's] sketch..of Andromeda polifolia shows a naked virgin in full frontal exposure. 1971Times 23 Aug. 10/4 The many publications which print explicit colour photographs of full frontal female nudes..and in some cases male nudes.
3. quasi-n. = frontal bone.
1854Owen Skel. & Teeth in Circ. Sc. I. 193 The frontals..rest by descending lateral plates, representing connate orbitosphenoids. 1857Bullock Cazeaux' Midwif. 218 The frontal, forming the forehead, as well as the superior-anterior part of the face. 1858Lytton What will he do ii. iv, This was, indeed, a horse of great power..and such a head! the ear, the frontal, the nostril?
▪ III. † ˈfrontal, v. Obs.—1
[f. frontal n.]
trans. To be a frontal or prelude to; to precede.
1652Urquhart Jewel Wks. (1834) 177 Serving in this place to frontal a Vindication of the honour of Scotland. |