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recitativo
(ˌrɛsɪtəˈtiːvəʊ, ‖ retʃitaˈtivo)
[It., f. ppl. stem of recitare to recite + -ivo -ive. Cf. med.L. recitative adv. (Du Cange).]
1. = recitative n. 1.[1617B. Jonson Masques (1641) II. 10 The whole Maske was sung (after the Italian manner) Stylo Recitativo. 1678T. Jordan Triumphs Lond. (Percy Soc.) 169 The performance of a song of three parts, in stilo recitativo.] 1645Evelyn Diary 10 Oct., She presented me afterwards with two recitativos of hers, both words and musiq. 1667Pepys Diary 12 Feb., All in the recitativo very fine. 1711Addison Spect. No. 29 ⁋1 There is nothing that [has] more startled our English Audience, than the Italian Recitativo at its first Entrance upon the Stage. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) IV. lii. 351 Charming matrimonial recitativoes! 1819T. Hope Anastasius (1820) III. xii. 323 He soon discovered in my recitativos and arias a mystic sense. 1864Engel Mus. Anc. Nat. 231 They sang in recitativo, as they sing in Italy the ritornello.
attrib.1780Ann. Reg. ii. 21 He repeated stanzas from Ariosto in a pompous recitativo cadence, peculiar to the natives of Italy. 1812Religionism 41 Recitativo preaching call we this. 1813Edin. Rev. XXII. 143 The habit of using somewhat of recitativo intonation.
‖2. Used in certain Italian phrases designating varieties of recitative, as recitativo accompagnato |akkompaɲˈɲato|: in which the vocalist is accompanied by an orchestra; recitativo secco |ˈsekko| [lit. ‘dry recitative’]: in which the vocalist has little or no musical accompaniment; recitativo stromentato |stromenˈtato| [lit. ‘accompanied recitative’] = recitativo accompagnato above.
[1771C. Burney Present State of Mus. France & Italy 285 Signor Rinaldo di Capua has at Rome the reputation of being the inventor of accompanied recitatives. 1801T. Busby Dict. Mus., Recitative accompanied, a recitative is said to be accompanied when besides the bass there are parts for other instruments.] 1866[see recitativo stromentato below]. 1947A. Einstein Mus. in Romantic Era ix. 96 The genuine melodrama, in which the spoken word, usually an emotional monologue, was given an orchestral background in the manner of a recitativo accompagnato. 1963Listener 14 Feb. 313/1 Recitativo accompagnato began to encroach more and more on the traditional secco.
1828T. Busby Mus. Man. 144 Recitativo secco, (Ital.) unaccompanied recitative. 1876,1883[see secco a.]. 1891G. B. Shaw in World 13 May 27/2 Start on the recitativo secco by entirely expunging the first two lengths after the duel. 1955E. Dent in H. Van Thal Fanfare for E. Newman 105 It is practically a reversion to recitativo secco in a more pretentious form. 1963Auden Dyer's Hand 524 Ariel is song; when he is truly himself, he sings. The effect when he speaks is similar to that of recitativo secco in opera. 1977Listener 26 May 692/1 The vocal line is written in the customary recitativo secco style.
[1828T. Busby Mus. Man. 144 Recitativo istromento, (Ital.) accompanied recitative.] 1837J. A. Hamilton Dict. Two Thousand Italian, French, German, Eng. & Other Mus. Terms 58 Recitativo stromentato (Italian) recitative accompanied by the orchestra. 1866Chambers's Encycl. VIII. 140/2 It is termed recitativo accompagnato, strumentato, or obbligato. 1905E. J. Dent Alessandro Scarlatti ii. 45 Here we have an unmistakable recitativo stromentato, the earliest (1686) that I have been able to find. |