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Turkey red
[Turkey1.]
a. A brilliant and permanent red colour produced on cotton goods, essentially a madder red in combination with oil or fat, with an aluminous mordant. Also called Adrianople or Levant red. Also attrib.
1789Trans. Soc. Arts I. 19 Dying Turkey red. 1799Med. Jrnl. I. 168 A whole month's labour is scarcely sufficient to terminate the different operations thought necessary to obtain the fine Turkey red, called Adrianople. 1799Monthly Rev. XXX. 561 The art of dyeing cotton scarlet, or turkey-red, was imported into France by Greek families. 1801Encycl. Brit. Suppl. II. 393/2 Turkey-Red, Levant-Red and Adrianople-Red, the names indifferently given to that beautiful red dye which distinguishes the cotton manufactured in the Ottoman empire. 1815J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art II. 545 P. J. Papillon established a dyehouse at Glasgow, for giving to cotton-yarn that beautiful colour known by the name of Turkey or Adrianople red. 1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 396 The first Turkey-red work in Great Britain was established about 50 years ago in Glasgow by M. Papillon. 1844G. Dodd Textile Manuf. ii. 74 About a century ago some Greek dyers were invited to settle in France, where they introduced the art of Turkey-red dyeing. 1862Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 4329 Turkey red goods. Ibid. No. 4340 Turkey red plain and printed cottons. 1877O'Neill in Encycl. Brit. VII. 576/1. 1899 Westm. Gaz. 10 Aug. 2/1 Before the days of Turkey-red-dyeing and calico-printing. Ibid. 2 Dec. 9/1 It is a turkey-red dyeing firm.
b. Cotton cloth of this colour.
1880J. Dunbar Pract. Papermaker 72 For pink blottings furnish two thirds of white cottons and one third of turkey reds. 1882Caulfeild & Saward Dict. Needlework 503 Turkey Red, a cotton cambric, of a bright scarlet colour of indelible dye,..originally imported from Turkey.
c. Turkey red oil (also Turkey-red, turkey Red Oil), sulphonated castor oil, principally used with alizarin to produce the colour Turkey red.
1879Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XXXVI. 187 This ‘Turkey-red oil’ is a mixture of sulpho-ricinoleate and sulpho-pyroterebate of sodium. 1903[see oil tanning s.v. oil n.1 6 c]. 1980K. G. Ponting Dict. Dyes & Dyeing (1981) 172/2 John Mercer did a great deal of research on the production of the necessary turkey red oil produced by the action of sulphuric acid on castor oil. |