| 释义 |
gibbous, a.|ˈgɪbəs|
Also 7 gibbouse.
[f. L. gibb-us hump + -ous.
The guttural |g| in this and the related words is contrary to the ordinary rule for the pronunciation of Latin derivatives, but there is no evidence that |dʒ| was ever used.]
1. Convex, rounded, protuberant.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 167 In oon side he is gibbous, & in þe toþer side he is more playn. 1548–77Vicary Anat. viii. (1888) 69 The forme of the lyuer is gibbous or bunchy on the back side. 1615Crooke Body of Man 636 The exterior superficies of this gristle is conuex or gibbous. a1646J. Gregory Maps & Charts in Posthuma (1650) 307 The Globe of the Moon..is as solid and gibbous as that of this Earth and Water. 1677Plot Oxfordsh. 117 In Cowley-common we meet only with the gibbous, and not the flat shell of the petrified Oyster. 1737Gaudentio di Lucca 101 All the new Philosophers allow the Earth to be Spheroidal and Gibbous towards the Equator. 1766Pennant Zool. (1768) I. 213 The gibbous substance on their head. 1849Murchison Siluria ix. 195 That section..which has both valves gibbous. 1881G. Busk in Jrnl. Microsc. Sc. Jan. 8 The outer border..sharp and nearly straight, and the inner as it were gibbous.
b. Bot. ‘Very convex or tumid..this term should be restricted to solid convexities’ (Lindley).
1757Phil. Trans. L. 66 The calyx is a gibbous permanent periantheum. 1805J. Galpine Brit. Bot. (1806) 274 Calyx gibbous. 1845Lindley Sch. Bot. vi. (1858) 103 Corolla without a spur, gibbous at the base. 1861Miss Pratt Flower. Pl. V. 327 Order Pistiaceæ..(Gibbous Duck⁓weed). Fronds inversely egg-shaped, hemispherical beneath. 1872Oliver Elem. Bot. ii. 136 Observe [in Common Fumitory] the irregular corolla, one of the petals being gibbous at the base.
c. Astr. Said of the moon or a planet when the illuminated portion exceeds a semicircle, but is less than a circle.
1690Leybourn Curs. Math. 449 She is liable to the same variety of changes as the Moon, sometimes almost Full, at other times Gibbous. 1755B. Martin Mag. Arts & Sci. 122 She is then said to be gibbous; and this Phase or Aspect increases till she comes to the Situation E, where she is in Opposition to the Sun. 1834Sir H. Taylor 2nd Pt. Artevelde v. iii, The gibbous moon was in a wan decline. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 3/1 Mars likewise appears gibbous when near the quadratures of the sun.
Comb.1839Bailey Festus xix. (1848) 198 Many moons and planets full, crescent, or gibbous-faced.
2. Of persons and animals: Hunch-backed; having a hump. Of a part of the body: Hump-shaped. gibbous wrasse, a fish (see quot. 1769).
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. vi. x. 329 How Oxen in some Countries began and continue gibbous or bunch back'd? a1661Fuller Worthies, Cambridgesh. i. (1662) 150 A Camel passeth in the Latine proverb, either for gibbous and distorted, or for one that undertaketh a thing awkely or ungeenly. 1769Pennant Zool. (1776) III. 219 Gibbous Wrasse..of a very deep and elevated form, the back being vastly arched, and very sharp or ridged. 1791Cowper Iliad ii. 266 His gibbous shoulders o'er his breast Contracted. 1810Crabbe Borough v. 54 Is there of all your kindred some who lack Vision direct, or have a gibbous back? 1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 482 Lommius asserts after Hippocrates, that if a person become gibbous before puberty in consequence of asthma, he dies. 1879Dixon Windsor I. iv. 38 Shrivelled in his loins, he [William de Longchamp] had a gibbous chest [etc.].
Hence ˈgibbously adv., in a gibbous manner; ˈgibbousness, the state of being gibbous.
1692Bentley Boyle Lect. viii. (1693) 37 Because of the distance, the convexity and gibbousness would vanish away; he would only see below him a great circular Flat, as level to his thinking as the face of the Moon. 1846Dana Zooph. (1848) 497 Bearing above a few very stout erect stems, gibbously divided and tuberose, never angular. 1880Watson in Jrnl. Linn. Soc. XV. No. 82. 108 Spire sharply but slightly convexly and a very little gibbously conical. |