| 释义 |
rectifier|ˈrɛktɪfaɪə(r)|
[f. as prec. + -er1.]
1. gen. One who, or that which, rectifies.
1611Cotgr., Rectificateur, a Rectifier. 1617Collins Def. Bp. Ely i. i. 97 Chrysostome..attributes as much to him, to be rector or rectifyer, as he there speakes, of the whole world. 1663Butler Hud. i. ii. 431 He was..Rectifier of Wry Law, And would make three to cure one Flaw. 1741Warburton Div. Legat. II. 639, I shall examine this bold Rectifier of prejudices. 1882Spurgeon Treas. Dav. Ps. cxix. 1 They do not consult it now and then as a sort of rectifier of their wanderings, but they use it as a chart for their daily sailing.
b. Photogrammetry. A device for preparing, by optical or other means, a plan view from an oblique aerial photograph.
1921Geogr. Jrnl. LVII. 141 The construction of the photographic ‘rectifier’..embodies some curious properties of the lens with a flat field. 1932McCaw & Cazalet tr. O. von Gruber's Photogrammetry xi. 277 If a photograph is projected on a plane (map plane) oriented in a definite manner such that the projection also indicates a definite scale, it is customary to describe the process as rectification and the apparatus therefore as a rectifying camera or simply a Rectifier. 1962Photogrammetric Record IV. 84 The great increase in setting accuracy and definition available in the SEG V (and other modern rectifiers). 1964Exhib. Guide 10th Internat. Congr. Photogrammetry 76 Wild E4 Rectifier-enlarger... Rectification elements: Inclination of table in x and y directions or across the diagonals.
2.
†a. An instrument for ascertaining the variation of the compass (see quot. 1704). Obs.
1669Sturmy Mariner's Mag. ii. vi. 68 To know the Variation by the Quadrant.., without the help of the Rectifier before spoken of. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I, Rectifier (in Navigation,) is an instrument consisting of two Parts, which are two Circles, either laid upon, or let into the other, and so fastned together in their Centres, that they represent two Compasses [etc.].
b. A device or substance which permits an electric current to flow preferentially in one direction; esp. in Electr., a device for converting an alternating current into a direct current; in Physiol., a nerve membrane which conducts electrical impulses preferentially in one direction.
1895Electrician 9 Aug. 488/1 An efficiency of 96 per cent. is claimed for the rectifier. 1898Sloane Stand. Elect. Dict. (ed. 2) App. 616. 1901 Electrician 8 Nov. 107/2 The working rectifier is not a mere physical, but also an electro-chemical problem. 1911Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 835/1 A common type of rectifier is another tube containing gas at a low pressure. 1926R. W. Hutchinson Wireless 119 Fig. 96 shows a method of using a crystal as a detector or rectifier. 1941Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. XLVIII. 293 In a nerve fiber membrane, current may pass more easily in one direction than in the other,..the nerve fiber membrane behaves as a rectifier rather than a simple resistance. 1955Amer. Jrnl. Physiol. CLXXXIII. 671/1 (heading) Rectifier properties of Purkinje fibers. 1958Times 11 Feb. 15/2 Thirty years ago we started with the copper oxide rectifier, and 10 years later we introduced the Westalite selenium rectifier. Last year we added the germanium-type rectifier to our range. 1961[see inverter 2 a]. 1970J. Shepherd et al. Higher Electr. Engin. (ed. 2) xxv. 795 In its single-phase form the mercury-arc rectifier consists of a graphite or carbon-coated iron anode and a mercury-pool cathode enclosed in an envelope from which all air has been removed.
3. a. One who rectifies spirit.
1727De Foe Eng. Tradesman vi. (1732) I. 58, I would warn..a distiller or rectifier of spirits to moderate his furnace. 1731P. Shaw Ess. Artif. Philos. 115 When the Rectifier..performs his part masterly, the Spirit receives considerable improvement. 1843Penny Cycl. XXVII. 467/1 In England in 1835 there were 108 rectifiers. 1880Act 43 & 44 Vict. c. 24 §86 Entry must be made by a rectifier before he begins to receive, rectify, or compound any spirit.
b. An apparatus for rectifying spirit.
1854Ronalds & Richardson Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 287 The upper part forming a heater for the wash, while the lower compartment acts as a rectifier.
4. rectifier (photo-)cell, rectifier photoelectric cell, a photovoltaic cell.
1933Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. XX. 538 The selenium rectifier cell of Bergmann. 1935Discovery July 214/2 The so-called rectifier cell has been developed, with its great convenience of being able to dispense with batteries. 1936[see light-sensitive s.v. light n. 15]. 1952Jrnl. Sci. Instrum. XXIX. 137 Correcting the deviation from the theoretical value of the response of selenium rectifier photo⁓cells to obliquely incident light. |