| 释义 |
graphitization|ˌgræfɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən|
[f. graphite + -ization.]
1. A process in which an allotrope of carbon becomes wholly or partly converted into graphite or becomes more graphitic in nature; also, the graphitic character of the resulting carbon.
1899E. G. Acheson in Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 3rd Ser. CXLVII. 484 One [form of the product] consists of..articles made out of amorphous carbon,..which will afterwards be heated in an electric furnace and converted..into graphite. I have been..using the furnaces of the Carborundum Company to produce the graphitization. 1951Proc. R. Soc. A. CCIX. 215 Graphitization [of the coal] does not occur because the crystallites are in random orientation and the pore structure remains intact. 1956Nature 4 Feb. 239/1 Short periods of oxidation of the coal..decreased the graphitization of the carbon. 1958Sci. News L. 118 The graphite obtained from the Dayton, Ohio, meteorite..is like the graphite obtained by graphitization of diamond. 1970New Scientist 5 Feb. 253/2 They may not reach the same degree of graphitization as in the absence of oxidation..but they can still be reasonably graphitic.
2. A kind of corrosion in which grey cast iron becomes soft and porous, the metallic iron constituents being converted to corrosion products whilst the graphite is left intact; graphitic softening.
1916Yorks. Post 4 Apr. 8/1 An instance [of internal disintegration] may be taken from the ‘graphitisation’ of iron pipes, a form of decay to which cast iron is liable when buried in the ground. 1941Nature 22 Mar. 343/2 Cast iron behaved well in air, but when submerged was very liable to ‘graphitization’, the outer form being retained but the interior being converted into a spongy mass without strength. 1967Fontana & Greene Corrosion Engin. iii. 71 White cast iron has essentially no free carbon and is not subject to graphitization.
3. The formation of graphite from combined carbon in a ferrous alloy.
1919Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. XCIX. 569 Graphite is always to be seen in an ingot which was slowly cooled, even when there is practically no silicon, which was formerly supposed to be necessary in graphitisation. 1951W. B. Shannon in W. E. Benbow Steels in Mod. Industry xiii. 275 Of the carbide forming elements, chromium is particularly effective in inhibiting graphitization. 1961Metals Handbk. (ed. 8) I. 587/3 Graphitization lowers the room-temperature strength somewhat by removing the strengthening effects of finely dispersed carbides. |