| 释义 |
hardener|ˈhɑːd(ə)nə(r)|
[f. harden v. + -er1.]
1. One who hardens; spec. one whose work is to harden metals; one who case-hardens guns, etc.
1611Cotgr., Affermisseur..a stiffener, hardner. 1755in Johnson. 1845P. Parley's Ann. VI. 181 Misfortune is not a hardener of the heart. 1881Academy 8 Jan. 30 A grand zoologist, not a mere hardener and slicer of microscopic stuff. 1886Pall Mall G. 15 May 14/1 When the grinding is completed the blades are returned to the hardeners to be reset.
2. That which hardens.
a. Photogr. Any chemical used in the making of gelatine negatives to prevent the melting or frilling of the film in warm weather.
1909Cent. Dict. Suppl., Hardener [Photogr.]. 1930Sel. Gloss. Motion Techn. (Acad. Motion Pict., Hollywood), Hardener, solution used to harden photographic emulsion. 1948A. L. M. Sowerby Dict. Photogr. (ed. 17) 362 A hardener containing 1½ per cent. of potash alum, used at this pH value, may be expected to raise the melting point of the gelatine.
b. In various technical applications (see quots.).
1903Westm. Gaz. 30 Nov. 2/1 The hardening temperature for the steel called ‘high carbon’ is difficult to define; for the personal equation comes into play, and with different hardeners the variation in hardening temperature often reduces the quality of the steel. 1945R. T. Rolfe Dict. Metallogr. 101 Hardeners, alloys prepared for the purpose of adding small quantities of additional elements to molten metals. 1951Gloss. Terms Plastics (B.S.I.) 17 Hardener, a material used to promote the setting of certain types of synthetic resin. 1959Gloss. Packaging Terms (B.S.I.) 13 Hardener, a chemical used to promote the setting of adhesive. 1966A. W. Lewis Gloss. Woodworking Terms 43 Hardener, liquid used to speed up the setting of resin glue. 1967E. Chambers Photolitho-Offset ix. 130 Potassium alum is recommended as a hardener in preference to chrome alum which, although more potent, loses its hardening power after short use and forms a sludge. |