| 释义 |
▪ I. hawker, n.1|ˈhɔːkə(r)|
[OE. hafocere, f. hafoc hawk n.1: see -er1 (cf. fowler).]
One who hawks, or engages in the sport of hawking; one who tends or trains hawks; a falconer.
a975Canons Edgar in Thorpe Anc. Laws II. 258 We lærað þæt preost ne beo hunta, ne hafecere. 1463Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 225 Item, the same day my mastyr gaff to the hawkerys, xij. d. 1601Holland Pliny x. viii. (R.), The hawkers and foulers when they have caught the foule, divide the bootie with the hawkes. 1893Earl Dunmore Pamirs II. 269 Hassan Beg..enlisted the services of a professional hawker..so off we went with our falcon.
▪ II. hawker, n.2|ˈhɔːkə(r)|
[app. a. MLG. hoker, in LG. and Ger. höker, Du. heuker, higgler, hawker, huckster, costermonger. The LG. word is usually referred to hocken to take upon the back, to carry pick-a-back, also, to squat, keep sitting in the same place; and has been variously explained as one that carries a pack or load on his back, and one that sits at a stall.]
A man who goes from place to place selling his goods, or who cries them in the street. In mod. use technically distinguished from pedlar: see quot. 1895.
1510Nottingham Rec. III. 104 Pro correctione habenda de les Hawkers, iijs. iiijd. 1533Act 25 Hen. VIII, c. 9 §6 Sundry euill disposed persons, which commonly beene called haukers..goe about from place to place within this Realme, vsing buying and selling of Brasse and Pewter. 1542–3[see hawking s.v. hawk v.2 1]. 1679Lond. Gaz. No. 1432/4 A sort of loose and idle persons, called Hawkers, who do daily publish and sell seditious Books..contrary to Law. 1711Budgell Spect. No. 150 ⁋1, I heard the Hawkers with great Vehemence crying about a Paper. 1785Crabbe Newspaper Wks. 1834 II. 118 The rattling hawker vends through gaping streets. 1895Daily News 19 Mar. 7/7 He saw defendant acting as a hawker..He asked him if he had a licence, when he produced a pedlar's licence..A hawker is a man who travels about selling goods with a horse and cart or van. A pedlar carries his goods himself..The cost of a pedlar's licence is 5s., and is granted by the police. Hawkers' licences are granted by the Inland Revenue, and cost 2l.
fig.a1683Oldham Wks. & Rem. (1686) 26 The Churches Hawkers in Divinity, Who 'stead of Lace, and Ribbons, Doctrine cry. 1855Tennyson Maud i. x. iii, This broad⁓brim'd hawker of holy things.
b. A horse used in hawking goods.
1719D'Urfey Pills IV. 13 On Pads, Hawkers, Hunters, on Higlers and Racers.
Hence ˈhawker v. intr., to act as a hawker; whence ˈhawkering ppl. a.
1678Butler Hud. iii. iii. 620 [He] was implacable and auker'd To all that Interlop'd, and Hawker'd. 1682Oldham Sat. to friend Wks. (Bell) 221 They are forced to ply For jobs of hawkering divinity.
▪ III. hawker, n.3 Ent.|ˈhɔːkə(r)|
[f. hawk v.1 + -er1.]
Any dragonfly whose flight behaviour is characterized by ‘hawking’ or patrolling a particular area; spec. a member of the family Aeshnidae. Cf. *darter n. 6.
[1895D. Sharp in Cambr. Nat. Hist. V. xviii. 411 Those Libellulidae that capture their prey while hawking. 1926R. J. Tillyard Insects Austral. & N.Z. ix. 83 Aeschnidae [sic]... This family contains the true hawking dragonflies. ]1937C. Longfield Dragonflies Brit. Isles 38 Anisoptera. Hawker and darter dragon-flies. 1986Encycl. Insects 26/2 Temperate hawkers spend 1–2 years as larvae, whereas some of their tropical counterparts can complete development in under 100 days.
▪ IV. hawker
obs. form of hooker, a small vessel. |