| 释义 |
Hector, n.|ˈhɛktə(r)|
[L. Hectōr, Gr. Ἕκτωρ, son of Priam and Hecuba, husband of Andromache, ‘the prop or stay of Troy’; in origin, as adj. ἕκτωρ = holding fast, f. ἔχειν to have, hold.]
1. Name of a Trojan hero celebrated in the Iliad; hence transf. A valiant warrior like Hector.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) II. 255 Ȝif we wil mene þat þey beeþ..hardy, we clepeþ hem Hectores. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. cxliii. (R.) Thus he [Duglas] went euer forwarde lyke a hardy Hector. 1548Hall Chron., Hen. VI, 164 b, Thys English Hector and marcial flower. 1598Shakes. Merry W. i. iii. 12 Said I well (bully Hector?). 1621–51Burton Anat. Mel. To Rdr. (1676) 18/1 Every Nation hath their Hectors, Scipios, Cæsars and Alexanders.
2. (Now usu. with lower-case initial.) A swaggering fellow; a swash-buckler; a braggart, blusterer, bully.
(Frequent in the second half of the 17th c.; applied spec. to a set of disorderly young men who infested the streets of London. Cf. ‘bully Hector’ 1598 in 1.)
1655Sir E. Nicholas in N. Papers (Camden) II. 256 The Earle of Anglesie and his two Hectors upon Sunday morning last fought a duell with Collonel Dillan..and two Irishe Captains..His Lordships Hectors had no hurt, and y⊇ Irishe came of untoucht. a1658Cleveland To the Hectors 1 You Hectors! tame Professors of the Sword! 1693Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) III. 2 On Sunday night last 3 hectors came out of a tavern in Holborn, with their swords drawn, and began to break windows. a1716Bp. O. Blackall Wks. (1723) I. 333 Surely this blustering Hector is not one of the Sons of Adam. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. iii. I. 361 The Muns and Tityre Tus had given place to the Hectors, and the Hectors had been recently succeeded by the Scourers.
3. Name of a species of butterfly (Papilio Hector).
1863Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. III. 508 The Hector forms a fine contrast to the preceding insect [the Sarpedon], its colours being almost wholly black and flaming crimson.
Hence Hecˈtorean, -ian a. [f. L. Hectōre-us + -an], belonging to Hector. ˈhectorism, the quality or practice of a hector or bully. ˈhectorly a., of the nature of a hector, blustering, insolent. ˈhectorship, a trait characteristic of a hector.
1715–20Pope Iliad xviii. 18 Warn'd to shun Hectorean force in vain. 1673O. Walker Educ. (1677) 82 Men mis⁓like a vice for a seemingly-like but really-contrary virtue—as hectorisme for valour. 1675J. Smith Chr. Relig. Appeal ii. 15 A desperate Principle of Hectorism. 1676Shadwell Virtuoso iv. i. Wks. (1720) 375 My wife with a hectorly fellow here! a1677Barrow Serm. Wks. 1686 III. xxxi. 336 Presumptuous transgression of God's law, (Hectorly profaneness). 1858Carlyle Fredk. Gt. iii. x. (1872) I 198 His other Hectorships I will forget. |