| 释义 |
▪ I. heliograph, n.|ˈhiːlɪəʊgrɑːf, -græf|
[f. helio- + -graph, Gr. -γραϕος writing, writer.]
1. a. Name given to an engraving obtained by a process in which a specially prepared plate is acted on chemically by exposure to light. Also attrib.
The name was originally given to the process invented by Niépce de St. Victor in 1826.
1853R. Hunt Man. Photogr. i. 12 Niepce..had also succeeded in rendering his Heliographs, when once formed, impervious to the further effects of the solar rays. 1875tr. Vogel's Chem. Light i. 11 Copper plate impressions of this kind have been found amongst the papers left behind by Nièpce, which he called ‘heliographs’..as far back as 1826. This method..is still in use..especially in the printing of paper money. 1896Daily News 18 Dec. 7/6 Miniature paintings by Fouquet..copied by the heliograph process.
†b. A photograph (Webster, 1864). Obs.
2. An apparatus for taking photographs of the sun.
1848Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. IX. ii. 326 This latter instrument includes a heliograph and nebulograph, worked by one and the same clock-movement. 1865Reader 9 Sept. 291/3 The Kew heliograph, in charge of Mr. De La Rue, continues to be worked by a qualified assistant.
3. An instrument for measuring the intensity of sunlight.
1851R. Hunt Photogr. 210 The number of lines marked on the paper..will furnish a comparative measure of the intensity of solar light..and may be registered as so many degrees of the Heliograph, the name Mr. Jordan has given his instrument.
4. a. An apparatus for signalling by means of a movable mirror which reflects flashes of sunlight to a distance. Cf. heliotrope 4. Also attrib.
1877Atkinson Ganot's Physics (ed. 8) §509 Mance's Heliograph. The reflection of light from mirrors has been lately applied by Mance in signalling at great distances by means of the sun's light. 1880Rep. Brit. Assoc. 461 The author claims to have contrived a heliograph, or sun⁓telegraph, by which the rays of the sun can be directed on any given point with greater ease than by those at present in use. 1880Times 9 Oct. 5/4 On the 27th of August, about 9 a.m., a flash was seen in the far distance. In a moment our heliograph was on, and we found, to our great delight, it was from General Roberts. 1897Daily News 18 Sept. 5 They hope to secure heliograph connection with General Blood's force shortly.
b. A message sent by heliograph.
1899Pall Mall Mag. Nov. 319, I have just received a heliograph that the Basutos have bands out through..the valley.
▪ II. ˈheliograph, v.
[f. prec. n.]
1. trans. To communicate by heliograph: see prec. 4. Also with obj. clause and absol.
1880Standard 24 Apr. 5/5 General Stewart heliographed an account of the battle to Brigadier Ross. 1888Athenæum 7 Jan. 10/2 There were all the means for heliographing at Korti. 1893R. Kipling Many Invent. 29 We used to heliograph to them.
2. To photograph by heliography.
1883R. Haldane Workshop Receipts Ser. ii. 192/1 When the cloth tracings have to be heliographed, raw sienna is also added to the ink. |