| 释义 |
heteromorphic, a.|hɛtərəʊˈmɔːfɪk|
[f. Gr. ἑτερο- hetero- + µορϕή form + -ic.]
1. Of different or dissimilar forms. spec.:
a. Entom. Existing in different forms at different stages of life: said of insects which undergo complete metamorphosis (Heteromorpha). Hence in wider use in Biol.
1864in Webster. 1874Lubbock Orig. & Met. Ins. i. 6 The Homomorphic insects do not pass through such striking changes of form as the Heteromorphic. 1935F. E. Fritsch Struct. & Reprod. Algae I. 52 The last type of life-cycle..exhibits an alternation of a large sporophyte and a generally small gametophyte. This heteromorphic (antithetic) alternation is encountered solely among Phaeophyceae. 1967Alexopoulos & Bold Algae & Fungi iv. 23 In heteromorphic alternation, the two sequential organisms differ morphologically.
b. Bot. Applied to flowers or plants which occur in forms differing in the relative length of the stamens and pistils (including dimorphic and trimorphic).
1874in R. Brown Man. Bot. Gloss. 1877Darwin Forms of Fl. i. 24, I formerly applied the term ‘heteromorphic’ to the legitimate unions; and ‘homomorphic’ to the illegitimate unions; but after discovering the existence of trimorphic plants..these two terms ceased to be applicable.
c. Cytology. Applied to homologous chromosomes that differ in size or form.
1917E. E. Carothers in Jrnl. Morphology XXVIII. 449 The unusual conditions of the chromosomes in this group have made advisable the introduction of four new terms... Heteromorphic—used to designate those tetrads made up of morphologically different homologues. 1925E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) vi. 571 The so-called heteromorphic chromosome-pairs in which the synaptic mates are visibly distinguishable by the eye by differences of size, form, mode of spindle-attachment or structure. 1955Jrnl. Genetics LIII. 593 Symmetrical separation of the pair of heteromorphic X- and Y-chromosomes in the first anaphase of meiosis.
d. Min. [tr. F. hétéromorphe (A. Lacroix 1917, in Compt. Rend. CLXV. 486).] (See quot. 1920.)
1920A. Holmes Nomencl. Petrol. 117 Heteromorphic, a term applied to rocks of similar chemical composition, but of different mineral composition. 1921― Petrogr. Methods x. 410 Each of these rocks is a heteromorphic type of theralite.
e. Zool. (See quots.)
1931W. C. Allee Animal Aggregations ii. 16 Heteromorphic colonies are formed when the divisions are unequal, as is the case with the strobila of the Scyphozoa, or during the processes of asexual reproduction of certain worms, such as Autolytus. Ibid. 23 Heteromorphic and polymorphic colonies are formed when there is a differentiation between the different members of the colony, as occurs in the hybrid Hydractinia, in which feeding, reproductive, and protective zoöids may be recognized.
2. Deviating in form from the standard or type; of abnormal form: = heteromorphous 1.
In mod. Dicts.
3. Biol. Resulting from heteromorphosis.
1898Arch. f. Entwickelungsmech. d. Organismen VII. 481 Neither the present nor other experiments indicate, that the influence of the organism as a whole upon the regenerating part is able to bring forth a heteromorphic sructure..out of material which would normally produce something else. 1932J. S. Huxley Probl. Rel. Growth vi. iii. 175 The regenerated heteromorphic appendage almost invariably is of a type which normally belongs to a more posterior segment—e.g. antenna regenerated instead of eye-stalk (Palaemon). 1966E. D. Hay Regeneration ii. 75 The heteromorphic growths..may result because an insufficient mass of cells is present for correct differentiation of the skeletal pattern.
Hence ˌheteroˈmorphically adv., by means of heteromorphosis.
1959Jrnl. Biophysical & Biochem. Cytol. V. 25 Cultures of subcutaneous areolar fibroblasts..are changed heteromorphically so as to resemble cultures of nervous tissue. |