| 释义 |
▪ I. † unthank, n. Obs.
[OE. unþanc masc. (f. un- un-1 12 + þanc thank n.), = OFris. unthonk (WFris. ontank, NFris. untoonk), MDu. ondanc (Du. ondank), MLG. undank, OHG. undanch, unthank (MHG. undanc, G. undank) ingratitude, displeasure, etc.; ON. úþökk fem., a reproach, censure, etc. (MSw. othak, Sw. otack, MDa. and Da. utak ingratitude, etc.).]
I.
1. Absence of gratitude or good-will; unfavourable thought or feeling; ill-will, disfavour; displeasure expressed in actions or words.
c893K. ælfred Oros. iv. x. §11 Þa wæs Hannibale æfter hiera hæðeniscum ᵹewunan þæt and wyrde swiþe lað, & him unþanc sæde þæs and wyrdes. a1000Sal. & Sat 98 Ðonne hiene on unðanc..R. ieorrenga ᵹeseceð. c1205Lay. 22370 Mid Arðure he win dronc; Þat him wes mucheles unðonc. 13..E.E. Allit. P. C. 55 Þenne þrat moste I þole, & vnþonk to mede. c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. I. 256 And in travaile aboute þese goodis..stondiþ al þe mede in þis liif, and al unþank of peyne of helle. c1386Chaucer Reeve's T. 161 Vnthank come on his hand that boond hym so. 1435Misyn Fire of Love 92 Frenschyp..has also a grete likynge with it knytt in qwhilk it adyls no meyde ne vnþanke. 1483Cath. Angl. 381/2 Vn Thanke, demericio. 1557Tottel's Misc. (Arb.) 203 Vnthanke to our desert be geuen, Which merite not a heauens gift to kepe.
b. In the phrase to have unthank.
c1325in Wright Pol. Songs (Camden) 327 But unthank have the bishop that lat hit so go. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 183 For þeft, & for þrepyng, vnþonk may mon haue. c1380Sir Ferumb. 3061 ‘Wel depardieux,’ quaþ þis barouns, ‘ounþank habbe þat spare’.
2. An act or circumstance causing displeasure or annoyance; an offence or injury.
c897K. ælfred Gregory's Past. C. xlix. 379 And ða forðyðe he forwandode ðæt he swa ne dyde, ða aᵹeaf he hit [sc. ðæt feoh] to unðances. c1000Apollonius of Tyre 26 Cweðe ᵹe þæt ic..eow dide æfre æniᵹne unþanc? c1050O.E. Chron. (MS. C) an. 1049, Eac fela oðra unþanca þe he him dyde. c1205Lay. 11769 Þe eorl Caredoc..ȝet hit mai ilimpe; hit is þe an vnðonke. a1225Ancr. R. 202 Uor lure of eie worldliche þinge, oðer of freond, oðer uor eni unðonc. 13..Guy of Warw. 5311 His brond..brac vnto his hond. ‘Allas,’ quaþ Gij, ‘þis vnþang! Were no may y me nouȝt lang’.
II. In uses denoting disinclination, reluctance, or involuntariness.
3. In genitive, used adverbially, = Unwillingly; compulsorily; against a person's wish or will; without one's consent; also, involuntarily.
The genitive is similarly used in OFris., MDu., OHG., etc.
c960Laws Edgar in Thorpe Laws I. 264 Niman [hi] unþances þone teoðan dæl to þam mynstre. 1066O.E. Chron. (MS. C) an. 1066, Tostiᵹ..nam of þam butse karlon sume mid him, sume þances, sume unþances. c1175Lamb. Hom. 17 Gif þu agultest wið þine efen-nexta unðonkes, bet hit þin þonkes hu se þu miht wið him. a1300Cursor M. 27192 [It] sceus quat nede Was man at drau him to þis dede,..Quar vnthankes [Fairf. queþer vnþankis] or wit will, And quatkin strengh him draf þer-till.
b. More freq. with poss. adj. (or n. in poss. case).
c893K. ælfred Oros. ii. ii. §1 Hi swaþeah heora unðances mid swicdome hie beᵹeaton. c1100O.E. Chron. (MS. D) an. 905, Þa ᵹerad æþelwold æðeling..þone ham æt Winburnan & æt Tweoxnam þæs cynges unþances. c1200Ormin 7194 Miccle bettre iss to þe mann..To don all hiss unnþannkess god Þan ifell hise þannkess. c1205Lay. 4502 Brennes..hauede heo biwedded, & ihaued heo to bedde, al hire vnðonkes. a1240Sawles Warde in O.E. Hom. I. 247 Strengðe stont nest hire, þat ȝef ei wule in, warschipes vn þonkes, warni strengðe fore, þat is hire suster, ant heo hit ut warpe. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 14172 Wyþ hym to fighte leuere he wylde Þan, his vnþankes, to þem ȝelde. 13..Coer de L. 2208 Natheles many he cleaved, And their unthanks ther bylived. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 201 Þis virgyne þus hir vnthankes fyled perceyued þat sho was with chiled. a1470Harding Chron. l. iv, Kyng Edward with long shankes Brought it awaye again, the Scottes vnthankes. Ibid. lxviii. ii, Vpon the north sea bankes, He faught with theim in battaill their vnthankes.
c. Without inflection in absolute use.
a1225Juliana 36 He schal unþonc in his teð cuðen þe þat tu wilnest. [Cf. tooth n. 5.] c1230Hali Meid. 47 Þurh þis weorre, he ȝarkeð þe, unþonc hise [v.r. in his] teð, þe blisse..of cristes icorene. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 6093 Walwes þey tok, al his vnthank, & leddym to Atyngal. 1338― Chron. (1810) 241 Þe Walsch com þam ageyn, did our men alle arere, Þat turnyng þer vnthank, as heuy was þe charge, Vnder þam alle sank.
4. at one's unthanks, against one's will.
a1400–50Alexander 4698 Forþi enhabete ȝe in angwysch at ȝoure vnthankis. c1420Anturs of Arth. 424 (Th.), Or he weldene my landes, at myne vn-thankes. By alle þe welthe of this werlde, he salle þame neuer welde.
▪ II. unˈthank, v.
[un-2 3.]
trans. To unsay or recall one's thanks to.
1640Shirley Love's Cruelty iii. iii, Duke. We are not pleasd, she should depart. Seb. Then I'le vn⁓thanke your Goodnesse. |