| 释义 |
hydrography|haɪˈdrɒgrəfɪ|
Also 6 hidro-.
[See hydrographer.]
1. The science which has for its object the description of the waters of the earth's surface, the sea, lakes, rivers, etc., comprising the study and mapping of their forms and physical features, of the contour of the sea-bottom, shallows, etc., and of winds, tides, currents, and the like. (In earlier use, including the principles of Navigation.) Also a treatise on this science, a scientific description of the waters of the earth.
1559W. Cuningham (title) The Cosmographical Glasse, conteyning the pleasant Principles of Cosmographie, Geographie, Hydrographie or Nauigation. 1594J. Davis Seaman's Secr. (1607) 47 Hidrography is the description of the Ocean Sea, with all Iles, bancks, rocks and sands therein contained. 1671R. Bohun Wind 260 Fournier (who is..skilfull in what relates to Hydrography) mentions an Inundation on the Coasts of America. a1687Petty Pol. Arith. (1690) 62 Fournier in..his Hydrography hath laboured to prove the contrary of all this. 1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v., Some of the best authors use the term in a more extensive sense; so as to denote the same with navigation. In this sense hydrography includes the doctrine of sailing; the art of making sea-charts, with the uses thereof [etc.]. 1772–84Cook Voy. (1790) VI. 1973 He compleated the hydrography of the habitable globe. 1851–9Beechey in Man. Sci. Enq. 17 Other curious and important facts in physical hydrography have been ascertained. 1898Pop. Sci. Monthly LII. 552 The body of the work, to which the title of hydrography is applied, consists in the determination of existing water supply.
2. The subject-matter of this science; the hydrographical features of the globe or part of it; the distribution of water on the earth's surface.
1852Earp Gold Col. Austr. 33 Capt. Stokes has added immensely to our knowledge of the hydrography of tropical Australia. 1882Times 21 Sept. 3 The geography and hydrography of the ground must be studied.
†3. [Gr. γραϕή, -γραϕία writing.] Writing with water. (In quots. fig. with reference to tears.) Obs.
1649G. Daniel Trinarch., Hen. V, cxliii, More then a Man, and Mightier then a King; A Text of Honour, weak Hydrographie. a1659Cleveland Wks. (1687) 61 Whose Fate we see Thus copyed out in Grief's Hydrography. |