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idiogram Cytology and Med.|ˈɪdɪəʊgræm|
[ad. Russ. idiogramma (S. Navashin: in Zhurn. Russk. Bot. Obshch. (1921) VI. 171 he is reported as having used the term in his lectures for many years): see idio- and -gram.]
= karyotype n. 1 b: usually, a diagrammatic or systematized representation of a chromosome complement (of one cell or of many) indicating the number of chromosomes, their relative lengths, the position of the centromeres, etc.
1927Genetics XII. 64 The relative size of the chromosomes, peculiar shape, and especially the presence of satellites (S. Nawaschin, 1912) and constrictions (Sakamura 1915, 1920) furnish criteria for distinguishing the members of a given complement, or using the terminology of S. Nawaschin, they characterize the idiogram or the specific arrangement of the diploid nuclear plates. 1934L. W. Sharp Introd. Cytol. (ed. 3) ix. 128 The diagrammatic representation of a karyotype, as in Fig. 70, is called an idiogram (S. Nawaschin, 1921). 1957C. P. Swanson Cytol. & Cytogenetics (1958) v. 118 The shape and size of chromosomes are his guideposts, and their constancy has enabled him to determine for purposes of comparison the karyotypes or idiograms (haploid complements) of many plants and animals. Ibid. xiii. 448 When represented in diagrammatic fashion..the karyotype is usually referred to as an idiogram. 1966D. M. Kramsch tr. Grundmann's Gen. Cytol. ii. 108 All the chromosomes of one set form the karyotype specific for each species and with such a chromosomal idiogram it is possible in certain cases to demonstrate relationships between the species. 1969R. R. Eggen in Davidsohn & Henry Todd-Sanford Clin. Diagn. (ed. 14) xxxii. 1224 (caption) Idiogram of a normal human cell... The male karyotype differs from the female in that male cells normally have a single X chromosome and therefore have only 15 group C chromosomes. 1971Nature 11 June 887/1 The average forms of all chromosomes of a complement are defined by an idiogram, based on a large number of karyotypes. 1973Lancet 24 Feb. 420/1 Strictly speaking the actual pictures [of chromosomes] are karyotypes, and an idiogram is a diagram of the chromosome state of an individual. |