| 释义 |
van't Hoff Chem.|vænt ˈhɒf|
Also Van't Hoff.
The name of J. H. van't Hoff (1852–1911), Dutch chemist, used attrib. and in the possessive to designate rules or hypotheses put forward by him with reference to: a. Stereochemical properties of molecules.
1888Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LIV. 597 (heading) Investigation of the second Van't Hoff hypothesis. 1979A. Beknazarov tr. Potapov's Stereochemistry iv. 221 In the early thirties of our century there appeared data contradicting the van't Hoff second postulate—the assumption of free rotation about single bonds.
b. The osmotic pressure of solutes in solution.
1890Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LVIII. 845 (heading) Deductions from Van't Hoff's theory. Ibid. 846 The author..discusses the determination of the value of i for solids in solution from Van't Hoff's equation. 1926[see lyotropic a. 1]. 1978P. W. Atkins Physical Chem. viii. 223 The equation simplifies into the van't Hoff equation: ΠV = nsRT. The van't Hoff equation is very suggestive of the ideal gas equation.
c. The thermodynamics of chemical reactions.
1909H. J. H. Fenton Outl. Chem. I. xiii. 159 Van't Hoff's ‘principle of mobile equilibrium’ is an application of this rule [of le Chatelier] to the case in which the imposed constraint is an alteration of temperature. 1923Chem. Abstr. XVII. 2211 This [calculation] is offered as a kinetic explanation of van't Hoff's rule that for a temp. rise of 10° the speed of a reaction is doubled. 1978P. W. Atkins Physical Chem. ix. 262 This [sc. the Gibbs–Helmholtz equation] immediately implies the van't Hoff equation.
¶ In Du. (rarely in Eng.) written van 't Hoff. |